AANP Exam Questions With Correct Answers

AANP Exam Questions With Correct Answers 90 % renal, 10% hepatic, need supplementation when GFR is less than 49 - answerErythropoetin In health, make up 1-2 % of total RBCs, increased in response to anema. Absence of reticulocytosis or presence of reticulocytopenia shows inadequate bone marrow response. - answerReticulocytes normal is 12 for females and 15 for males. Ratio to hematocrit is 1:3 - answerHemoglobin determines red blood cell size - normal is 80-96 - answerMCV reflects hgb content and color, normal is 31-37 - answerMCH variation of RBC size - normal is 11.5-15% - answerRDW acute blood loss, anemia of chronic disease - answerNormocytic, normochromic , normal RDW Iron deficiency anemia - answerMicrocytic, hypochromic anemia, elevated RDW alpha or beta thalassemia minor - answerMicrocytic, hypochromic, normal RDW Vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, pernicious anemia - answerMacrocytic, normochromic, elevated RDW use of medications like tegretol, AZT, depakote, dilantin, alcohol - answerMacrocytosis without anemia Hemic murmur - answerHeart murmur seen in b12 deficiency S. pneumoniae - answerMost common pathogen in CAP, ABRS, AOM H. influenzae, more than 30% now pcn resistant via beta lactamase production - answerCommon pathogen in ABRS, AOM, CAP particularly with recurrent infections and tobacco use Augmentin 500/125 TID or 875/125 BID - answerFirst line treatment for Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 29, 2024 12:59 PM Augmentin 2000/125 BID or doxy 100 mg BID or 200 mg QD - answerSecond line treatment for Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis Doxy, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin - answerTreatment for ABRS if allergic to PCN, Cephalosporins Doxy, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin - answerTreatment for ABRS if antibiotic resistance of failed initial therapy slowly progressive hearing loss that is symmetric and high frequency - answerPresbycusis Intranasal corticosteriods like Flonase, Nasonex, Nasacort, Omnaris. Side effects are that nasal irritation and bleeding may occur. Optimal efficacy may take 1-2 weeks. - answer1st line controller therapy in allergic rhinitis Nasal antihistamines, esp if there is nasal congestion. sedation could occur. Drugs like astelin, Astepro, and patanase - answer1st line rescue treatment in allergic rhinitis significant potential to cause sedation and anticholinergic effects so not a first line therapy. Ex. benadryl, chlor trimeton, dimetapp, vistaril. - answer1st generation oral antihistamines These are preferred over because no anticholinergic effects but not as helpful with nasal congestion. Ex. claritin, clarinex, zyrtec, allergra - answer2nd generation oral antihistamines alpha adrenergic agonist so vasoconstrictive. Take caution with the elderly, young children, HTN, bladder neck obstruction, glaucoma, and hyperthyroidism. Ex. sudafed - answerOral decongestants Alpha adrenergic agonist so vasoconstrictive. Can cause rebound congestion/medicamentosa so limit use to 5-7 days. - answerNasal decongestants reduce runny nose because of drying action. No effect on other nasal symptoms. Dryness can occur. Ex.. Atrovent - answerIntranasal anticholinergics deeply cupped optic disc because of increase intraocular pressure than pushes the optic disc backwards., acute, painful - answerFound on fundoscopic exam of person with angle-closure glaucoma screening test for macular problems. - answerAmsler grid measurement of intraoccular pressure, screen for glaucoma - answerTonometry Hardening of the lens, close vision problems, adults over 45 - answerPresbyopia