Kettering practice test 160 Questions. all areas With Complete Answers

A spontaneously breathing 76-year-old patient who weighs 60 kg (132 lb) is on an FIO2 of 0.45 via a trach collar. He has had a change in his tidal volume from 600 mL to 300 mL and his respiratory rate went from 12 /min to 24 /min. Which of the following changed due to the change in the tidal volume and rate? A.Minute ventilation B.Alveolar ventilation C.Anatomical deadspace D.Mechanical deadspace - ANS B Which of the following would be most helpful in determining if a patient is developing ventilatory failure? A.Arterial blood gas B.Blood pressure C.Vital capacity D.Hematocrit - ANS A A patient with morbid obesity is being weaned from the ventilator following cholecystectomy. Arterial blood gas results reveal:pH: 7.40PaO2: 96 torrPaCO2: 43 torrSaO2: 94%The patient's current ventilator settings are: Tidal volume 650 mL, SIMV mandatory rate 4 /min, PEEP 5 cm H2O, and FIO2 0.35 even though she is not fully conscious. What should the respiratory therapist recommend at this time? A.Extubate B.Re-evaluate in 1 hour C.Place on CPAP at an FIO2 0.45 D.Repeat arterial blood gases in 30 minutes - ANS C A 5' 10", 80 kg (176 lbs) male patient with multiple trauma from a motorcycle accident has developed ARDS and is being ventilated at the following settings:Mode: VC, SIMVVT: 500 mLSet Rate: 14 br/min.FIO2: 0.60PEEP: 12 cm H2OArterial blood gas results reveal:pH: 7.35PaO2: 72 torrPaCO2: 44 torrSpO2: 93%The patient is conscious and pulling on the IV lines and ventilator tubing. At this time, the respiratory therapist should recommend A.changing to assist/control mode. B.restraining the patient. C.increasing the set rate to 16 br/min. D.sedating the patient. - ANS D A 78-year-old male patient is being treated for obstructive sleep apnea with bilevel positive airway pressure at night. Arterial blood gas results reveal an elevated PaCO2 level. The respiratory therapist should recommend increasing the A.oxygen concentration. B.expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP). C.inspiratory flow rate. D.inspiratory positive airway pressure (IPAP). - ANS D A 80 kg (176 lb) patient with pulmonary fibrosis is being mechanically ventilated with a volume-controlled ventilator at the following settings:Mode: SIMVVT: 700 mLMandatory rate: 15Total rate: 15FIO2: 0.45PEEP: +10I:E Ratio: 1:2PIP: 50 cmH2OArterial Blood Gas analysis reveals the following:pH: 7.34PaCO2: 42 torrPaO2: 55 torrHCO3-: 22 mEq/LSaO2: 88%The respiratory therapist should recommend A.increasing the FIO2 to 60% .B.decreasing the respiratory rate. C.increase the PEEP level to 20 cm H2O. D.changing to pressure control mode. - ANS A An adolescent patient admitted with a drug overdose receives mechanical ventilation at the following settings:Mode: PC, A/CSet Rate: 16/minFlow: 25 L/minPressure limit: 40 cm H2OFIO2: 0.30Exhaled VT: 500 mLThe respiratory therapist observes wide fluctuations on the pressure manometer during inspiration. The most appropriate action would be to A.sedate the patient. B.increase the pressure limit. C.increase the flowrate. D.decrease the trigger setting. - ANS C A 52-year-old, 5' 9" tall male patient (85 kg, 187 lb.) is mechanically ventilated. An arterial blood gas has been obtained. Ventilatory data and blood gas results are below:Mode: VC, A/CFIO2: 0.40Set rate: 10/minTotal rate: 10/minVT: 550 mLPEEP: 5 cm H2OMechanical VD: 50 mLpH: 7.28PaCO2: 74 torrPaO2: 57 torrSaO2: 86%HCO3-: 23 mEq/LBE: 0 mEq/LThe respiratory therapist should increase the A.VT to 700 mL. B.set rate to 14/min. C.FIO2 to 0.65. D.PEEP to 15 cm H2O. - ANS B A 60-year-old male patient (80 kg, 176 lb) receives volume-control ventilation at the following settings:Set VT: 800 mLExhaled VT: 760 mLInspiratory flowrate: 60 L/minPIP: 65 cm H2OPPL: 58 cm H2OPEEP: 5 cm H2OWhich of the following statements best describes the patient's current situation? A.Dynamic compliance is decreasing