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AP Computer Science Principles Exam Prep Questions and Answers
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AP Computer Science Principles Exam Prep
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AP Computer Science Principles Exam PrepInnovation - Answer -a novel or improved idea, device, product, etc. or the development
thereof
Prototype - Answer -A preliminary sketch of an idea or model for something new. It's the
original drawing from which something real might be built or created.
Bit - Answer -A contraction of "Binary Digits". A bit is the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as 0 or 1.
Binary - Answer -A way of representing information using only two options.
Bandwidth - Answer -maximum transmission capacity of the device expressed typically in metric multiples of bits per second
Bit Rate - Answer -The numbers of Bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.
EX: 8bits/per second.
Latency - Answer -the amount of time it takes for a bit to travel from sender to receiver
Protocol - Answer -A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.
American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) - Answer -The universally recognized raw text format that any computer can understand.
Code - Answer -To write instructions for a computer.
Requests for Comments (RFC) - Answer -Documents are how standards and protocols are defined and published for all to see on the IETF website.
Internet - Answer -a tangible physical system that is made to move information
IP Address - Answer -A number assigned to any item that is connected to the internet. Packets - Answer -small chunks of information that have been carefully formed from larger chunks of information for the purpose of transmitting through a network
Router - Answer -A computer which receives messages travelling across a network and redirects them towards their intended destinations based on the addressing information included with the messages.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) - Answer -Provides reliable, ordered, and error-
checked delivery of a stream of packets on the internet. TCP is tightly linked with IP and
is usually seen as TCP/IP in writing.
Domain named system (DNS) - Answer -The internet's system for converting alphabetic
names into numeric IP addresses.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - Answer -Is the protocol used by the world wide web. It describes how messages are formatted and interchanged, and how web servers respond to commands.
Abstractions - Answer -Reducing information and detail to focus on essential characteristics.
Server - Answer -A computer that awaits and responds to requests for data.
Client - Answer -A computer that requests data stored on a computer.
HTTPS - Answer -a protocol for secure communication over a computer network which is widely used on the Internet.
Digital Certificate - Answer -an electronic document used to prove ownership of a public
key.
DDoS - Answer -pertaining to or being an incident in which a network of computers floods an online resource with high levels of unwanted traffic so that it is inaccessible to legitimate service requests
HTTP Request - Answer -When you type a URL in your browser, your computer (the client) needs to "ask" the server that is storing the data and images for the web page to return its contents so your browser can display it.
HTTP Response - Answer -When a server receives an HTTP request it will respond with a message of its own. Once again, the response will be sent entirely in ASCII-text and must be correctly formatted.
Electricity, light and radio waves - Answer -3 ways we send information
Fiber optic cable - Answer -a thread of glass engineered to reflect light URL - Answer -an easy-to-remember address for calling a web page (like www.code.org)
Net Neutrality - Answer -the principle that all Internet traffic should be treated equally by Internet Service Providers
Byte - Answer -8 bits
Nibble - Answer -4 bits
Heuristic - Answer -a problem solving approach (algorithm) to find a satisfactory solution
where finding an optimal or exact solution is impractical or impossible
Lossless - Answer -a data compression algorithm that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data
Image - Answer -A type of data used for graphics or pictures
Metadata - Answer -data that describes other data. For example, a digital image my include metadata that describe the size of the image, number of colors, or resolution
Pixel - Answer -short for "picture element" it is the fundamental unit of a digital image, typically a tiny square or dot which contains a single point of color of a larger image
RGB - Answer -color model using varying intensities of red, green, and blue to produce colors
Lossy - Answer -data compression method that uses inexact approximations, discarding
some data to represent the content
Abstraction - Answer -pulling out specific differences to make one solution work for multiple problems
Aggregation - Answer -a computation in which rows from a data set are grouped together and used to compute a single value of more significant meaning or measurement. i.e. Average, Count, Sum
Pivot Table - Answer -in most spreadsheet software it is the name of the tool used to create summary tables
Adware - Answer -A form of spyware. Collects information about the user or user activities in order to display advertisements in a web browser.
Algorithm - Answer -A set of instructions for solving a problem.
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