Legal Personhood in International Law _ ( DETAILED ANSWERS) 2024 (618791) - DISTINCTION

8/1/24, 11:55 AM 1/2 Legal Personhood in International Law Jeremiah Terms in this set (27) States The main legal entities in international law, distinct from states within a country. Federal States Considered a single entity despite internal subdivisions (e.g., Australia, Canada, United States, Germany, Russia, Mexico, Brazil). Montevideo Convention (1933) Establishes traditional criteria for statehood: 1. Permanent Population, 2. Defined Territory, 3. Government, 4. Capacity to Enter Relations. UN Membership Involves application, Security Council approval, and General Assembly vote. There are 193 UN member states. Permanent Observer States Holy See (Vatican City) and State of Palestine participate in UN activities without voting rights. Associated States Cook Islands and Niue, associated with New Zealand, recognized as states by the UN but have not applied for membership or observer status. Recognition by Other States Essential for achieving statehood. Permanent Observer States and Special Cases Holy See (Vatican City) and State of Palestine participate in UN activities without voting rights. Cook Islands and Niue are associated with New Zealand. Unrecognized Entities Include Republic of China (Taiwan), Republic of Kosovo, Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (Western Sahara), Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Republic of South Ossetia, Republic of Abkhazia, Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (Transnistria), Republic of Somaliland, Sovereign Military Order of Malta, and miscellaneous rebel areas and 'micronations.' Rights and Obligations of States Codified in the UN Charter, particularly Article 2(1): 'The [UN] is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members.' UN Declaration on Friendly Relations (1970) Lists basic rights and obligations of states, including refraining from the use of force against other states, peacefully settling international disputes, and recognizing equal rights and self -determination of peoples. Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs) Established by agreements between states. Examples include United Nations (UN), European Union (EU), World Trade Organization (WTO), NATO, and Pacific Community (SPC). Legal Personhood in International Law