100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
Very detailed essay plan notes for "Offenders commit crime because they are mentally ill." $4.65
Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. The University Of Nottingham (UON)
  4.  
  5. Psychology
  6.  
  7. Forensic and Mental Health

Essay

Very detailed essay plan notes for "Offenders commit crime because they are mentally ill."
 1 purchase
  • Course
  • Forensic and Mental Health
  • Institution
  • The University Of Nottingham (UON)

Very detailed essay plan, with study details and critical appraisal. For seen exam question "offenders commit crimes because they are mentally ill."

Preview 2 out of 5  pages

Document information

  • January 3, 2014
  • 5
  • 2010/2011
  • Essay
  • Unknown
  • Unknown

Subjects

  • forensic psychology
  • offenders
  • mental health

Written for

  • The University of Nottingham (UON)
  • Psychology
  • Forensic and Mental Health
All documents for this subject (6)

Seller

avatar-seller
zoemoon

Reviews received

Content preview

ESSAY QUESTION: Offenders commit crimes because they are mentally ill
Two types of evidence:

1. Prevalence of mental illness in criminal populations
2. Prevalence of crime in psychiatric populations



1. Prevalence of mental illness in criminal populations

Gunn et al. (1978)

 Assessed the psychiatric status of a sample of 600 offenders.
 One in five had a marked or severe psychiatric condition - mostly depressed / anxiety (could
be a reaction to imprisonment)
 Drugs and alcohol addiction quite high
 Seldom SZ
 Old study

Taylor (1966)

 2/3 of prisoners serving life sentences were psychiatrically disturbed
 Old study

Wallace et al. (1998):

 Investigated those convicted in the higher courts of Victoria, Australia, between 1993-1995
 Looked at their psychiatric histories
 Prior psychiatric contact found in 25% of offenders, mainly personality disorders / substance
abuse
 Conclude the increased offending in SZ / affective illnesses is modest & may be mediated by
substance misuse.
 Men with SZ who also had a record of substance misuse were over 8 x more likely to appear
among violent offenders and 4 x more likely to be convicted of homicide than those without
comorbid substance abuse
 The case register may give a selected / potentially skewed sample of those with affective
disorders, personality disorders and substance misuse disorders.

Copeland et al. (2007):

 Large community based sample of youths
 About 1/3 met criteria for mental disorders at one or more of the 3 childhood assessment
points
 About 1/3 of the population was arrested in young adulthood (16-21 aged)
 Within this arrested sample, ½ of males and under ½ females met criteria for mental disorders
assessment points before 17
 Not causal
 Many of the youths with mental disorders as children did not offend

,  Found emotional disorders like depression were less relevant to later offending than
behaviour disorders or substance use.
 But adolescent emotional disorders comorbid with substance use is by far the greatest risk of
future adult offending.
 Copeland et al conclude that mental disorders offer only one possible path to later criminality
and it does not appear to be the most frequently followed path.

Schizophrenia

Spry (1984)

 Reviewed the evidence and noted that the incidence of SZ in offender populations is around
1%, unless looking at prisoners referred for psychiatric treatment or for violent serious
offences

Taylor (1985):

 In 1/5 of cases, psychiatric symptoms played a role in the offence. When environmental
factors are taken into consideration the direct and indirect consequences of psychosis - over
80% of offences by the psychotic are not attributable to their illness

Depression

Ritakallio et al. (2005)

 50,599 (v large sample) Finish adolescents
 Surveyed for delinquent behaviour and depression
 BDI but suicide ideation removed for ethical reasons – too young sample
 Self report of delinquent behaviour
 Representative sample - urban and rural municipalities of different sizes
 Fulfils a need for research in general population - only 10% of offenders are incarcerated yet
most research looks at incarcerated
 Delinquency and depression were related
 Risk of depression increased with more delinquent behaviour
 Probably under-assessment as don’t want to admit to delinquency in school setting - self
report in front of teachers - probably thought teachers would read

Weisner (2003):

 Longitudinal - 4 waves
 1,218 males and females - few other studies have focused on gender differences
 Relationship between delinquency and depression
 90% sample retention - v. Good
 In boys, limited results - the association was uni-directional - high levels of delinquency @
Time 3 predicted high depression, but small effect
 In girls, larger but still modest effects, bi-directional. High delinquency @ T 1 & T3 predicted
high subsequent depression, high depression @ T1 predicted high subsequent delinquency
 Circular - due to gender socialisation - not allowed to be delinquent - so shame and guilt and
depression
 Limitations: all suburban schools, middle class Caucasian

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller zoemoon. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $4.65. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

63950 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now

Start selling

Recently viewed by you

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

GLST 200 Final Exam Review Liberty University Question and answer already passed

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

Snowflake SnowPro Certification - Practice Exams Questions and Answers 100% Correct

Other ·

(0)

(solved) BitGold Case Study> BitGold Case Study University of Cumberland (2021)

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

Snowflake SnowPro Certification - Practice Exam Questions and Answers 100% Verified

Class notes ·

(0)

Alle hoorcolleges met extra aantekingen voor het vak Neuropsychologie (7012K2002Y)

Summary ·

(4)

Samenvatting Boeken Farmer en Beck Introduction to Cognitive Behavioural Therapies

Summary ·

(0)

Samenvatting Duits literatuurgeschiedenis Mittelalter-Romantik (VWO Neue Kontakte)

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

Master Your Course with the [Experiencing the Lifespan,Belsky,4e] Test Bank for 2024

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

NURS 341 Eden Wu.Focused Exam_ Respiratory Syncytial Virus _ Completed _ Shadow health

$4.65  1x  sold
  • (0)
Add to cart
Added