characteristics of the ear canal correct answers 2.5 cm long, has both a cartilagenous (hair and cerumen) and osseous portion (isthmus)
what are the steps of infection in the middle ear (external otitis) correct answers inflammation leads to narrowing of the eustachian tube, increased negative p...
COMD 334 Exam 2 || with 100% Accurate Solutions.
characteristics of the ear canal correct answers 2.5 cm long, has both a cartilagenous (hair and cerumen) and osseous portion (isthmus)
what are the steps of infection in the middle ear (external otitis) correct answers inflammation leads to narrowing of the eustachian tube, increased negative pressure, mucosal excretion leads to bacteria colonization, leads to pus or suppuration
what are the 2 functions of the outer ear correct answers sound transmission and middle ear protection
explain sound transmission of the outer ear - how can you increase? correct answers we can increase sound by cupping the ear (8 dB), sounds are affected by body, head, and outer ear, the ear canal is the primary resonator (1/4 wavelength resonater - aka open close tube)
bc the auditory canal is a 1/4 resonator the canal will enhance the wavelength of a sound by correct answers 4 times
cupping your ear - increases dB by? correct answers 8 dB
Monoaural localization cues correct answers elevation estimation (above or below)
Binaural localization cues correct answers azimuth estimation - the direction on a horizontal plane (left, right), distance (how far away) **ideal is 45 degrees
cerumen impaction correct answers cerumen build up that clogs or shuts of the ear canal from being able to reach the TM
microatia/anotia and atresia correct answers small or missing pinna
cauliflower ear correct answers swelling of the pinna due to trauma - permanent
external otitis correct answers infection of the outer ear (causes narrowing of the canal)
exostoses correct answers bony growths in the ear canal (narrows the canal)
label pars tensa correct answers what are the 2 mastoid air cell disorders? give characteristics of each correct answers mastoiditis - growth and bacteria in the air cells, leads to swelling
cholesteatoma - bacterial mass or formation in the middle ear and mastoid bone
what main structure is located on the lateral wall of the box diagram correct answers the tympanic membrane what main structure is located on the anterior wall of the box diagram correct answers internal carotid artery
in the left ear pacman faces to the. . . what time would it be? what is it based off of correct answers left, 7:00ish - determined by the position of the manubrium and the cone of light
the area ratio/pressure transformer causes a dB increase of? what is it's function? How much bigger is the TM than the oval widow correct answers 25dB (TM is about 17 times bigger) reduces the surface area and increases pressure at the oval window as sound moves from the TM
to the oval window
the ossicular lever increases dB by? how does it function? correct answers 1.2 dB, ithe bigger handle of the malleus leads to more pressure at the stapes (little kid kicking a little ball)
the catenary lever/buckling effect increases dB by? how does it function? correct answers about 6 dB (x2), the buckling effect means the shape of the TM is moving which helps to focus and narrow sound transmission as it moves towards the oval window
what is the over all dB increase when utilizing the ossicular, catenary, and area ratio sound transmission functions? correct answers roughly 32 dB
what are the functions of the middle ear correct answers sound transmission, pressure equalization, inner ear protection
what muscles are involved to protect the ear? what do they do? correct answers tensor tympani - contracts against loud sound to do reduce the movements of the ossicles
stapedius - pulls on the stapes to reduce contraction
middle box drawing correct answers why do we need sound transmission in the middle ear correct answers sound is moving from an air to a fluid filled medium
what are the two types of afferent nerves? what are their characteristics? correct answers Type 1 - larger and covered w myelin, 95%, 20 fibers for each IHC all just attached to IHC
Type 2 - thinner and not covered w myelin, 5%, innervates several OHC
OHC characteristics correct answers more numerous (3 rows) , test tube shape, mostly efferent fibers (brain to cells)
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