PSYC 387 – Learning final Exam study review keywords
Athabasca University PSYC 387 – Learning final Exam study review keywords Athabasca University lOMoARcPSD|6353920
ABA reversal design
A type of within-subject experiment in which behavior is observed in the absence of
the independent variable (A), in the presence of the independent variable (B), and then again in the absence of the independent variable (A). Sometimes the B condition is restored
Abolishing operation
A motivating operation that decreases the effectiveness of a consequence (a reinforcer or punisher).
Anecdote
First or second-hand reports of personal experience. are notoriously unreliable, so they are not a good source of evidence; however, they can generate useful hypotheses about variables influencing behavior. Asocial observational learning
Learning from the observation of events and their consequences in the absence of a model.
Autoshaping
The innate tendency of a pigeon to peck an object associated with food even though pecking is not required for the food to appear. Also called sign tracking.
Aversion therapy
A form of counterconditioning in which a CS is paired with an aversive US, often a nausea-inducing drug.
Aversive (n.)
Any stimulus an animal or person will avoid, given the opportunity to do so
Backward chaining
A chaining procedure in which training begins with the last link in the chain and adds preceding links in reverse order.
Backward conditioning
A Pavlovian conditioning procedure in which the US precedes the CS.
Baseline period
In a within-subject experiment, a period of observation (often designated "A") during which no attempt is made to modify the behavior under study.
Behavior
Anything a person or other animal does that can be measured.
Behavior chain
A series of related behaviors, the last of which produces reinforcement.
Behavioral momentum
A term used to refer to the strength of a reinforced behavior.
Between-subjects experiment/ Group experiment
An experimental design in which the independent variable is made to vary across two or more groups of subjects.
Blocking
Failure of a stimulus to become a CS when it is part of a compound stimulus that
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