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CALIFORNIA ESTHETICS STATE BOARD
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CALIFORNIA ESTHETICS STATE BOARD
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CALIFORNIA ESTHETICS STATE BOARDBacteria - answer- One-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics. Some are harmful, some are harmless.
Virus - answer- A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of biological organisms. Its capable of replication only through taking over the host cell's
reproductive function.
Parasites - answer- Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (host), while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. They must have a host
to survive.
Fungi - answer- Microscopic plant parasites, which include molds, mildews, and yeasts; can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm.
Infection Control - answer- The methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of
infectious organisms.
Cleaning - answer- A mechanical process using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease causing germs; also removes invisible debris that interferes with disinfection.
Sanitation - answer- A chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level.
Disinfection - answer- The process that eliminates most, but not necessarily all, microorganisms on nonporous surfaces. This process is not effective against bacterial spores.
Sterilization - answer- The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.
Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic - answer- What are the two primary types of bacteria?
Nonpathogenic Bacteria - answer- Harmless organisms that may perform useful functions.
Pathogenic Bacteria - answer- Harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body.
Cocci - answer- Round-shaped bacteria that appear singularly or in groups.
Staphylococci - answer- Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like bunches of grapes. They cause abscesses, pustules, and boils. Streptococci - answer- Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. They cause infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning.
Diplococci - answer- Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia.
Bacilli - answer- Short, rod-shaped bacteria; they are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.
Muscular System - answer- Covers, shapes, and supports the skeleton tissue; also contracts and moves various parts of the body.
Nervous System - answer- Carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all bodily functions; consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Circulatory System - answer- Controls the steady circulation of the blood through the body by means of the heart and blood vessels.
Lymphatic System - answer- Protects the body from disease by developing immunities and destroying disease-causing toxins and bacteria.
Endocrine System - answer- Affects growth, development, sexual activities, and health of the body; consists of specialized glands.
Digestive System - answer- Changes food into nutrients and wastes; consists of the mouth, stomach, intestines, salivary and gastric glands.
Excretory System - answer- Purifies the body by elimination of waste matter; consists of
kidneys, liver, skin, intestines, and lungs.
Respiratory System - answer- Enables breathing, supplies the body with oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide as a waste product; consists of lungs and air passages.
Integumentary System - answer- Serves as a protective covering for the body and helps
in temperature regulation; consists of skin, accessory organs such as oil and sweat glands, sensory receptors, hair, and nails.
Reproductive System - answer- Performs the function of reproducing and perpetuating the human race.
Osteology - answer- The study of the anatomy, structure and function of the bones.
Chemistry - answer- Science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions. Acid Mantle - answer- Protective barrier of lipids and secretions on the surface of the skin.
Acids - answer- Substances that have a pH below 7.0, tastes sour, and turn litmus paper from blue to red.
Air - answer- The gaseous mixture that makes up the Earth's atmosphere. It's odorless, colorless, and generally consists of about 1 part oxygen and 4 parts nitrogen by volume.
Alkalis - answer- Also known as bases; have a pH above 7.0, tastes bitter, and turn litmus paper from red to blue.
Anion - answer- An ion with a negative electrical charge.
Atoms - answer- The smallest chemical components of an element that still retains the properties of that element.
Cation - answer- Ion with a positive electrical charge.
Element - answer- The simplest form of matter; cannot be broken down into simpler substance without loss of identity.
Emulsions - answer- An unstable physical mixture of two or more immiscible substances plus a special ingredient called an emulsifier.
Hydrogen - answer- Colorless, odorless, tasteless gas; the lightest element known.
Inorganic Chemistry - answer- The study of substances that do not contain the element carbon, but may contain the element hydrogen.
Ion - answer- An atom or molecule that carries an electrical charge.
Ionization - answer- The separation of an atom or molecule into positive or negative ions.
Molecule - answer- A chemical combination of two or more atoms.
Nitrogen - answer- A colorless gaseous element that makes up about four-fifths of the air in our atmosphere and is found chiefly in ammonia and nitrates.
Oil-In-Water Emulsion - answer- Oil droplets dispersed in a water with the aid of an emulsifying agent.
Organic Chemistry - answer- The study of substances that contain carbon.
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