bone
Ans- organ made up of several different tissues working together (bone
tissue, cartilage, dense connective tissue, epithelium, adipose tissue, nervous
tissue)
skeletal system
Ans- entire framework of bones and their cartilages
basic functions of skeletal system
Ans- support [soft tiss...
BIOL 235 Midterm 1 Questions and Answers bone Ans- organ made up of several different tissues working together (bone tissue, cartilage, dense connective tissue, epithelium, adipose tissue, nervous tissue) skeletal system Ans- entire framework of bones and their cartilages basic functions of skeletal system Ans- support [soft tissues, attachment of tendons] protect [important internal organs from injury] assistance in movement mineral homeost asis [storage and release] blood cell production [red bone marrow] triglyceride storage [yellow bone marrow] long bone Ans- has greater length than width diaphysis Ans- is the bone's shaft or body —the long, cylindrical, main portion of the bone epiphyses Ans- the proximal and distal ends of the bone metaphyses Ans- the regions between the diaphysis and the epi - physes. In a growing bone, each metaphysis contains an epiphyseal (growth) plate, a layer of hyaline cartilage that allows the dia physis of the bone to grow in length epiphyseal line Ans- the cartilage in the epiphyseal plate is replaced by bone; the resulting bony structure is known as the ______ articular cartilage Ans- thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the part of t he epiphysis where the bone forms an articulation ( joint) with another bone. Articular cartilage reduces friction and absorbs shock at freely movable joints. periosteum Ans- tough connective tissue sheath and its associated blood supply that surrounds the bone surface wherever it is not covered by articular cartilage. It is composed of an outer fibrous layer of dense irregular connective tissue and an inner osteogenic layer that consists of cells medullary cavity (aka marrow cavity) Ans- hollow, cy lindrical space within the diaphysis that contains fatty yellow bone marrow and numerous blood vessels in adults. This cavity minimizes the weight of the bone by reducing the dense bony material where it is least needed osteoprogenitor cells Ans- unspe cialized bone stem cells derived from mesenchyme, the tissue from which almost all connective tissues are formed. They are the only bone cells to undergo cell division; the resulting cells develop into osteoblasts. Osteoprogenitor cells are found along the inner portion of the periosteum, in the endosteum, and in the canals within bone that contain blood vessels osteoblasts Ans- bone-building cells. They synthesize and secrete collagen fibers and other organic components needed to build the extracellula r matrix of bone tissue, and they initiate calcification osteocytes
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