Pharm Tox Exam 3 Questions and Answers
6. Selegiline is a treatment of Parkinson's. Name its MOA.: MAOI
7. Repetitive CAG repeats within a specific region of one of the chromosomes is a predictor for what?: Huntington's Disease
8. Riluzole acts at glutamatergic synapses and is used to treat what...
Pharm Tox Exam 3 Questions and Answers
For assistance with assignments and revision materials contact informationhimher@gmail.com 1.Name the two groupings of dopamine receptors.: D1-like, D2-like
2.SSRIs target serotonin reuptake. However, activation of 5HT1B/1D receptors may cause constriction of intracranial blood vessels and lead to what?: mi- graines
3.How long should you wait after discontinuation of MAOIs before beginning another anti-
depressant therapy?: 14 days
4.What is the mechanism of action for bupropion?: inhibits reuptake of NE and DA via NET and DAT
5.Carbidopa blocks what enzyme to increase uptake of L-Dopa?: AADC (L-Amino Acid Decarboxylase)
6.Selegiline is a treatment of Parkinson's. Name its MOA.: MAOI
7.Repetitive CAG repeats within a specific region of one of the chromosomes is a predictor for what?: Huntington's Disease
8.Riluzole acts at glutamatergic synapses and is used to treat what?: ALS
9.What are the two proteins associated with Alzheimer's?: Tau, Amyloid-Beta
10.Delusions and Hallucinations are all considered what types of symptoms of schizophrenia?: positive
11.What is the primary target for anti-psychotics?: D2 Receptor
12.Partial D2 agonism alters endogenous dopaminergic signaling in what way?: Decrease endogenous dopaminergic signaling
13.What often used anti-psychotic has multiple mechanisms of action, antag- onizes D2, and is a potent 5-HT antagonist?: Clozapine
14.Which neurotransmitter system can be a target for modulating dopamine release?: cholinergic system
15.What is the etiology of epilepsy? (multiple acceptable answers): genetic mutations, chemical
or electrical induction, symptomatic (TBI, stroke, infections, brain tumor)
16.Name the mechanism of action of carbamazepine, lacosamide, and pheny- toin.: sodium channel
blockers
17.Gabapentin and Pregabalin act through what?: voltage-gated calcium chan- nels
18.What is a mechanism of action for antiseizure drugs? (name 4): modulation of voltage-gated
sodium, calcium, or potassium channels; enhancement of GABA; modification of synaptic
release; decrease of glutamatergic excitation
19.What is the name of one of the early onset seizure types we discussed in class? (name 2): Dravet's Syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome
20.Mania can be caused by many things but generally involves the dysregu- lation/overaction of what neurotransmitter system?: Dopaminergic Pharm Tox Exam 3 Questions and Answers
For assistance with assignments and revision materials contact informationhimher@gmail.com 21.Mania is often a component of what psychiatric disorder?: Bipolar disorder Pharm Tox Exam 3 Questions and Answers
For assistance with assignments and revision materials contact informationhimher@gmail.com 22.Narrow or Wide: The therapeutic index of lithium is what?: narrow
23.Currently, the most effective treatment for mania is what?: Lithium
24.What can induce mania that is not bipolar disorder? (name 2): medications (DA agonists,
antidepressants, stimulants), substances of abuse (cocaines, amphet- amines)
25.The pharmacological target of most hypnotics that we discussed in class is and allows for
passage of into the neuron.: GABA-A receptor, Chloride
26.Benzodiazepines are positive allosteric modulators, meaning that they only act when GABA is .: Present (or released)
27.A patient intentionally ingested excessive amounts of diazepam. What drug would be used to
treat the toxicity?: Flumazenil
28.Zolpidem (Ambien) binds to the benzodiazepine binding site and acts as a receptor agonist.: GABA-A
29.True or False: Dopamine is polar and does not easily cross the BBB.: True
30.What 2 amino acids are precursors of dopamine?: phenylalanine, tyrosine
31.L-DOPA can enter the brain and is converted to dopamine by what en- zyme?: AADC (L-
amino acid decarboxylase)
32.What two enzymes are mainly involved in dopamine degradation?: MAO, COMT
33.D1-Like or D2-Like: What type of receptors activate adenylyl cyclase and increase cAMP?: D1-
Like
34.D1-Like or D2-Like: What type of receptors inhibit adenylyl cyclase and diminish cyclic cAMP K and Ca?: D2-Like
35.What is the most highly expressed DA receptor?: D1
36.What is the target of therapeutic and psychostimulant drugs such as Methylphenidate, Amphetamine, and Bupropion?: DAT (dopamine transporter)
37.True or False: DAT is a potassium-couple transporter.: False (Na-coupled)
38.In the cardiovascular system, dopamine stimulates receptors caus- ing vasodilation and reducing cardiac load.: D1
39.A is a rhythmic oscillatory movement around a joint.: Tremor
40. is irregular, unpredictable, involuntary muscle jerks.: -
Chorea
41. are sudden coordinated abnormal movements that tend to occur repetitively.: Tics
42.What disease is due to a high concentration of dopamine being reduced due to selective death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra?: - Parkinson's
43.Levodopa or Dopamine: What crosses the BBB?: Levodopa
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