Summary
Summary Climate Change: the physical science basis
- Course
- Institution
Climate Change: the physical science basis gastdocent:Philippe Huybrechts
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
kaatmols
Content preview
GLOBAL CHANGEClimate Change: the physical science basis
Philippe Huybrechts (Geografie)
1. Some basics of the climate system
Weather vs Climate
Weather: atmospheric condition at a given time and place
lots of variables, difficult to predict
- air temp, precipitation, clouds, air pressure, wind speeds, atmospheric humidity,...
- Chaotic component (“Lorenz butterfly): lots of feedback, can not be predicted more
than 14 days ahead.
Climate: mean and extreme conditions of the atmosphere, ocean,
sea ice, … l
- long period of time (30 yrs bv)
- climate is the statistic of the weather
Differents spheres interact: crucial to understand climate system
Climate system:
Radiation balance of earth
Incoming radiation = outgoing radiation
inkomende zonne energie=> deel w gereflecteerd (alfa)
(E terug de ruimte in), ander deel geabsorbeerd.
-
,Calculation of the global mean temperature
mean annual temp. of earth
only 3 variables
helderheid vd zon, reflectiviteit aarde, effectieve
emissive aarde.
Greenhouse effect (GE)
=process through which heat is trapped near Earth's
surface by substances known as 'greenhouse gases.
The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon, but
the extra gasses produced by human activity are
making it stronger. We are now adding to these
gasses faster than oceans and plants can absorb
them — the greenhouse effect is being 'enhanced' by
humans.
- radiatie absorberen en terug uitstralen
- Nodig voor leven op aarde: zorgt voor hogere T +15°C, zonder GE -19°C
- Water vapor as + feedback => even higher T
- CO2 heel belangrijk onderdeel
- aarde radieert long wave
absorption spectra of greenhouse gasses in the near infrared
smooth lines: Plank curves (radiation
from earth surface for specific T)
Kronkellijn: actual emitted radiation
by earth
diff between both= absorption in
atmosphere
Greenhouse gasses in atmosphere
-
, - Natural GE
- water vapor most important (feedback) but is internal to climate system
- climate warming => more water vapor in atmosphere => more greenhouse trapping
of radiation => more warming of climate
- if we warm climate door c GH gassen te verhogen gaat c waterdamp ook verhogen in
dit leidt tot meer radiatie
effect of doubling CO2 c (dit is wat er
gebeurd is sinds 1958 !!)
- eerst verwarming en dan
komen feedback responses
- balans snel hersteld
1) CO2 x 2 => less outgoing
longwave radiation
2) Mean annual surface T +1,2°
C en emission is terug
normaal
3) feedbacks => Ts (15°C) +
2,5° C (met de 1,2 erin!!)
2. Changes in human and natural drivers of climate
- Before and after the effects
caused by humans
- industrialisation big part
- deforestation: burning of the
threes
Detailed measurements on hawaii
since 1958
- CO2 c x2 since pre-industrial times
- Now: first time since 2 million years that there was this c of CO2
-
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller kaatmols. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $6.51. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
82871 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now