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SBCP Exam Latest Update @ 2024-2025Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium - Answer Respiratory Epithelium
Silver stain - Answer Pneumocystis carinii (round/crescent organisms)
pink puffer/blue bloater - Answer Emphysema/COPD
Pontiac fever - Answer Legionella pneumoniae
Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency - Answer Early onset pulmonary fibrosis & emphysema
Charcot-Leyden crystals - Answer Asthma
Curshmann spirals - Answer asthma
Creda bodies - Answer Asthma
Acid and alcohol fast bacilli (rods) - Answer TB
Ziel-Neelsen stain +ve - Answer TB
Ghon complex - Answer TB granulomas (Ghon focus) w/ lobar and perihilar lymph node
involvement. Reflects primary infxn or exposure.
Ghon focus - Answer Primary TB
Caseating granuloma - Answer Central necrosis; characteristic of TB and fungal
infections
Epithelioid histiocytes - Answer TB
Langhans giant cells - Answer Characteristic of granulomatous conditions, like TB.
These cells have multiple nuclei in the shape of a horseshoe. The macrophages that
form these giant cells are activated by Th1 cells.
Non-caseating granulomas - Answer Sarcoidosis
Masson bodies - Answer cryptogenic organizing pneumonia
Crocidolite - Answer Asbestos
Caplan lesions - Answer Coal worker's pneumoconiosis
Erythema nodusum, Granuloma, ACE, Hypercalcaemia - Answer Sarcoidosis
Kerley B lines - Answer Congestive heart failure/Pulmonary oedema
Heart failure cells - Answer Haemosiderin laden macrophages - pulmonary oedema
Nipple discharge, smoking, older - Answer Duct ectasia
,Blood-stained nipple discharge - Answer Intraductal papilloma
Triple assessment - Answer Clinical exam, Imaging (Mammo/US), FNA/Core biopsy
Fibroadenosis of breast - Answer Exaggeration of normal physiological changes
Breast mouse (solid, firm, well circumscribed, mobile) - Answer Fibroadenoma
Fibroadenoma can progress to what? - Answer Phyllodes tumour
Fibroblasts, histiocytes, adipocytes - Answer Fat necrosis
Breast Abscess - Answer Seen only in lactating women; otherwise cancer unless
disproven by biopsy -> I & D
Eczema around nipple - Answer Paget's disease
Paget's disease of nipple - Answer Ductal carcinoma in situ
Microcalcifications, no necrosis, premenopausal, bilateral - Answer Lobular carcinoma
in situe/ISLN
Tubule formation, cells in nests/islands - Answer Invasive ductal carcinoma
invasive ductal carcinoma - Answer most common type of breast cancer - mucinous,
tubular, medullary, papillary
indian file pattern - Answer invasive lobular carcinoma
Red infarct - Answer -Red (hemorrhagic) infarcts (see picture) occur in venous
occlusion and tissues with multiple blood supplies, such as liver, lung, and intestine;
reperfusion (e.g., after angioplasty).
-Reperfusion injury is due to damage by free radicals.
"Red = reperfusion"
Pale infarct - Answer Pale (anemic) infarcts (see picture) occur in solid organs with a
single (end-arterial) blood supply, such as heart, kidney, and spleen
Arterial thrombus - Answer Distal tissues, red, tender and swollen
Charcot-Bouchard microaneurysm - Answer associated with chronic hypertension
affects small vessels (e.g. in basal ganglia, thalamus)
Retinopathy - Answer Cotton wool spots, hard exudates, papilloedema
Malignant hypertension - Answer Malignant arteriosclerosis, fibrinoid necrosis of
arterioles, hyperplastic arterioles - onion skinning (concentric lamellae)
Onion Skinning - Answer Concentric lamellae
, Aschoff bodies - Answer Rheumatic fever
Pale focus on eosinophilic hyaline surround by lymphocytes and macrophages - Answer
Aschoff bodies (Rheumatic fever)
Anitschkow cells - Answer Contained in Aschoff bodies in myocarditis of acute
rheumatic fever
Ectocervix - Answer a portion of the canal of the uterine cervix that is lined with
squamous epithelium
Endocervix - Answer Mucin-secreting glandular epithelium
Transformation zone - Answer Junction between ectocervix and endocervix
LLETZ - Answer large-loop excision of the transformation zone
Mild CIN - Answer Affects bottom third of cervical epithelium
Moderate CIN - Answer Affects bottom two-thirds of cervical epithelium
Severe CIN - Answer Full thickness of cervical epithelium - progression to squamous
carcinoma
Koilocytosis - Answer clear halo containing a wrinkled, pyknotic nucleus --> effect of
HPV on squamous cells
Cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia (CGIN) - Answer Loss of mucin, apoptotic
bodies - progresses to adenocarcinoma
HPV-6 and HPV-11 - Answer Low risk types of HPV
HPV 16 and 18 - Answer High risk types of HPV
Polypoid, friable mass arising in transformation zone, cells invading stroma - Answer
SCC
Endocervix not visible on colposcopy - Answer Adenocarcinoma
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