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SBCP - LIFESPAN Study Set Exam
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SBCP - LIFESPAN Study Set Exam ...
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SBCP - LIFESPAN Study Set ExamDisease states - Answer Kidney
Liver
Acid/base imbalance
altered electrolyte status
Kidney - Answer Responsible for the elimination of drugs via active transport Uncharge
drug
↓Renal function = ↓elimination = ↑and extended plasma levels Albumin loss = less protein
binding
Liver - Answer • Major site of drug metabolism = improved renal drug excretion
• Short term: induction or inhibition of liver enzymes of liver enzymes = changed
metabolism rates
• Long term (Liver damage) = ↓ rate of metabolism = ↑persistence and plasma levels
• Also ↓rate of albumin production = ↑ free drug
Acid/Base Imbalance - Answer • Drugs designed to behave at body's normal pH
• Alterations can cause a drug to ionise - ions don't cross BBB easily
Altered Electrolyte status - Answer • Affect physiology e.g. nerve signalling, membrane
pumps
• Drug effects less common but serious
• E.g. hypokalaemia and digoxin
• Digoxin/K+ if unbalance = fatal arrhythmias
Tolerance includes - Answer Pharmacodynamic changes
Metabolic
Pharmacodynamic changes (tolerances) - Answer Receptor no.s on a cell are not fixed
Chronic receptor occupations = ↓ receptor no. = ↓ effectiveness
Metabolic (tolerance) - Answer • Some drugs ↑ rate of enzymatic liver metabolism or
induce pathways
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