BEHAVORIAL NEUROSCIENCE (LO 4, LO 5, LO 6) Questions with correct Answers
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BEHAVORIAL NEUROSCIENCE (LO 4, LO 5, LO 6) Questions with correct Answers
Pre-synaptic neuron
... neuron is the cell that transmits the signal to the synapse. When defined, the term synapse also means "coming together," or where two components join together for a synaptic formation, which serves ...
BEHAVORIAL NEUROSCIENCE (LO 4,
LO 5, LO 6) Questions with correct
Answers
Pre-synaptic neuron - answer ... neuron is the cell that transmits the signal to the
synapse. When defined, the term synapse also means "coming together," or where two
components join together for a synaptic formation, which serves as a point of
communication between two cells or two neurons that communicate (or a muscle that
communicates with a neuron).
A ... neuron can form three different types of synapses with a post-synaptic neuron:
Axodendritic is the most common type of synapse; where the axon of pre-synaptic
neuron synapses with a dendrite of the post-synaptic neuron.
Axosomatic is when the pre-synaptic neuron synapses with the soma of the
postsynaptic neurons.
Axoaxonic synapse is when the pre-synaptic neuron synapses with the axon of the
postsynaptic neuron.
Post-synaptic neuron - answer It is the cell that will receive the transmitted signal
from the pre-synaptic neuron; once it crosses the synapse of the postsynaptic cell.
... neurons at a synapse may become the presynaptic neuron for another cell.
Synaptic cleft - answer A synaptic ... or a synaptic gap separates the pre- and post-
synaptic cells. When an action potential occurs and is produced to the axon terminal, it
results in the secretion of neurotransmitters, which are chemical messages from the
axon terminals.
Through the process of diffusion, neurotransmitter molecules move across the
synaptic ... and bind to the specific receptor proteins on the cell membrane of the post-
synaptic cell.
Synaptic vesicles - answer Membrane-bounded compartments in which synthesized
neurotransmitters are kept; ... vesicles are secretory vesicles, which are located inside
the pre-synaptic neuron's terminal. Synaptic ... contain the chemical molecules
neurotransmitters that are then released to the synapse by the process of exocytosis,
which are vital to the synaptic transmission of a signal.
, List the steps in synaptic transmission in the proper order. - answer First step: The
action potential arrives at the axon terminal button.
Second step: The arrival of the action potential opens the voltage-gated calcium
channels in the axon's plasma membrane (axolemma) and calcium ions then diffuse
into the axon terminal.
Third step: Calcium ions bind with the calcium receptor—calmodulin—which causes the
synaptic vesicles to depart to and fuse with the presynaptic cell's membrane.
Fourth step: The neurotransmitter is then released into synaptic cleft by the process of
exocytosis.
Fifth step: The neurotransmitter moves by diffusing across the synaptic cleft and binds
with the receptors on the postsynaptic membrane.
Sixth step: The binding of the neurotransmitters to the postsynaptic receptors causes a
response in the postsynaptic cell.
EPSP - answer It is an excitatory postsynaptic potential, which occurs if the
membrane is depolarized by the movement of the ions. When the chemically gated
channel allows sodium (Na+) ions to rush inside the cell, it becomes depolarized and
results in a threshold.
IPSP - answer It is an inhibitory postsynaptic potential, which occurs if the
membrane is hyperpolarized by the movement of the ions. In this case, the ... will
strongly decrease the probability of the postsynaptic cell to reach the threshold towards
an action potential.
Temporal summation - answer Describes the event when a synapse causes the
postsynaptic cell to become instantly stimulated and the subsequent produced EPSPs
by the cell gather on top of one another to cause depolarization at an elevated level.
Spatial summation - answer Integration by a postsynaptic neuron of inputs (EPSPs
and IPSPs) from multiple sources; describes the event of numerous presynaptic
neurons stimulating the postsynaptic neuron simultaneously. The membrane potential of
the postsynaptic neuron is changed minimally due to a limited number of ions from each
individual synapse. The membrane potential eventually reaches a threshold towards an
action potential when the combined effect of all the synapses based on plentiful ions
that are inside the cell.
Silence synaptic signaling - answer Other than the summation of the EPSPs, the
summation of both the EPSPs and IPSPs specify whether or not an action potential will
be elicited. The quantity of EPSPs and IPSPs must be adequate to raise the
membrane's potential to fire an action potential.
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