laws - rules set by the government to help people live peacefully together and to ensure order and
safety.
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) - a law passed by the federal government that includes
minimum standards for nursing assistant training, staffing requirements, resident assessment
instructions, and information on rights for residents.
Minimum Data Set (MDS) - a detailed form with guidelines for assessing residents in long-term care
facilities.
Residents' Rights - numerous rights identified in the OBRA law that relate to how residents must be
treated while living in a facility; they provide an ethical code of conduct for healthcare workers.
informed consent - the process in which a person, with the help of a doctor, makes informed decisions
about his or her health care.
neglect - the failure to provide needed care that results in physical, mental, or emotional harm to a
person.
active neglect - the purposeful failure to provide needed care, resulting in harm to a person.
passive neglect - the unintentional failure to provide needed care, resulting in physical, mental, or
emotional harm to a person.
negligence - actions, or the failure to act or provide the proper care, that result in unintended injury to a
person.
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