When was DNA discovered? - ✔️✔️* 1869 by Friedrich Miescher
- No one cared/completely irrelevant
- 4 nucleic acids
What happened in the 1920s-1940s? - ✔️✔️* people started to think that the papers were important
(info is inherited from parents to offspring, but what was the molecule)
- Started researching in labs
- General consensus was this had to be proteins
- Their had to be an enzyme for unit of inheritance
Positive control - ✔️✔️* harmful
Negative control - ✔️✔️* not harmful
What inhibits inheritance? - ✔️✔️* degrading/destroying DNA
- not RNA or proteins
What is DNA? - ✔️✔️* the unit of inheritance; the blueprint for life
- We get our traits through the DNA of our parents
Bacteriophages - ✔️✔️* viruses that infect bacteria
I did molecular biology get started? - ✔️✔️* the top physicists were scarred from building the atom bomb
or bored
- Physicists got stalled
, What did all of the major molecular microbiologists have? - ✔️✔️* a root in physics
What is a DNA molecule? - ✔️✔️* a polymer made of small strings of nucleic acids
- you have to have a phosphate group to make DNA
Adenine - ✔️✔️* nitrogenous base of a nucleic acid
- either a purine (A,G) or a pyrimidine (C,T,U)
Sugar component - ✔️✔️* ribose or deoxyribose
- 2 hydroxyl (OH) groups is a ribose
- 1 hydroxyl group (OH) is deoxyribose (we get ribose from the environment & process/convert it to
make deoxyribose)
Pentose sugar - ✔️✔️5 carbon sugar
Adenosine, Cytosine, etc (nucleoside) - ✔️✔️* nitrogenous base + sugar
3 components of a Nucleotide - ✔️✔️* nitrogenous base + sugar + phosphate group
How is DNA formed? - ✔️✔️w/ nucleotides joined together w/ phosphodiester bonds
Phosophodiester bond - ✔️✔️* strong covalent bonds b/c you don't want a single strand to break easily
- How nucleotides stick to each other in a single strand
What are DNA strands? - ✔️✔️* complementary
- G-C (3 hydrogen bonds, more stable that A-T strands)
- A-T & A-U (2 hydrogen bonds)
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