Physiology is the study of - ✔️✔️the normal functioning of a living organism and its component part.
including all chemical and physical processes
What does physiology literally mean? - ✔️✔️Knowledge of nature
emergent properties - ✔️✔️cannot predict properties based on only knowledge of the system's individual
components
An integrative science - ✔️✔️integration of function across many levels of organization
Physiology is closely tied to ______? Why? - ✔️✔️Physiology is closely tied to anatomy. Structure of a cell,
tissue or organ must provide a physical base for function
cells - ✔️✔️the smallest unit of structure capable of carrying out life processes
tissue - ✔️✔️collection of cells carrying out related functions
organ - ✔️✔️formation of tissues into a structural/ functional unit
organ system - ✔️✔️integrated groups of organs
Function - ✔️✔️"Why" of a system
Teleological approach - ✔️✔️describe purpose not mechanism
Mechanism - ✔️✔️"how" of a system
,mechanistic approach - ✔️✔️explain the mechanisms underlying the physiological events
translational research - ✔️✔️applies basic biomedical research findings to treatment and prevention of
disease
pathophysiology - ✔️✔️study of body in a disease state
diabetes mellitus - ✔️✔️abnormally high blood glucose concentration
homeostasis - ✔️✔️maintain a relatively stable internal environment in spite of exposure to external
variability
who coined homeostasis - ✔️✔️Walter Cannon
Homeo - ✔️✔️like/similar
stasis - ✔️✔️condition
Extracellular fluid - ✔️✔️surrounding cells os a buffer between cells and the external environment
Intracellular cells - ✔️✔️fluid within the cell
dynamic steady state - ✔️✔️materials constantly moving back and forth
Law of mass balance - ✔️✔️if the amount of a substance in the body remains constant, any gain must be
offset by an equal loss
load - ✔️✔️a weight or force that opposes contraction of a muscle
, excretion - ✔️✔️Elimination of waste products from the body.
metabolism - ✔️✔️the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks
down materials
mass flow - ✔️✔️concentration x volume flow
clearance - ✔️✔️measurement of the disappearance of a substance from the blood
homeostasis does not mean _____ - ✔️✔️equilibrium - it is in a stable disequilibrium
regulated variables - ✔️✔️key functions the human body monitors to make sure they stay within a
particular range to stay healthy.
local control - ✔️✔️restricted to a tissue, relatively isolated. Response is restricted to the region where
the change took place.
Reflex control - ✔️✔️any long-distance pathway that uses the nervous system, endocrine system, or both
- info about the homeostatic response that is sent back to the integrating centre
3 types of feedback - ✔️✔️positive, negative and feedforward
acceptable set point range - ✔️✔️- variable in the body depending on the parameter
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