Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction Study Notes for Science Students
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meiosis is of nuclear division that reduces chromosome number from diploid (2n) to
type
haploid (n)
↳
diploid (2n) number >
-
total number of chromosomes , exists in two sets
↳
haploid (n) number -
half the diploid number ,
single set of chromosomes
reduces diploid number of 46 chromosomes to haploid number of 23 chromosomes in humans
reproductive cells that have haploid number of chromosomes
gametes
=
↳ in sexual reproduction haploid (produced meiosis) into a
gametes during merge
diploid cell- zygote
↳
in plants and animals ,
zygote develops into adult
organism
meiosis to reduce diploid number of chromosomes into haploid number so that
necessary ,
parents can produce diploid
offspring
HOMOLOGOUS PAIRS OF CHROMOSOMES
display of human chromosome shows them arranged
in
karyotype pictorial
is a - pairs
,
of each
members pair
=
homologous chromosomes homologues or
Sister chromatics
in ap licatiohngome
look alike
homologues length and centromere
to
same
position
, when stained
they have similar
banding
pattern
Lo contains traits in order in
genes for some same
for different
locations
- b but can code
things ,
e one can code for blue and
eyes
↑ aternal chromosome maternal chromosome on one
g
.
.
for brown on other
eyes
↳ alternative
forms of a alleles
gene
=
sequence of alleles similar but different produce alternative
DNA are
very enough to physical
traits (e .
g
.
blue or brown
eyes)
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