What is the definition of Pharmacognosy? Answer - The study of natural
product molecules (typically secondary metabolites) that are useful for their
medicinal, pharmaceutical, ecological, gustatory, or other functional
properties.
What are the commonly studied subject for pharmacognosy? Answer -
Nonvitamin, nonmineral dietary supplements
What is complementary medicine? Answer - Medicine that is used together
with conventional medicine
What is alternative medicine? Answer - Medicine that is used in place of
conventional medicine
What is integrative medicine? Answer - Bringing conventional and
complementary approaches together in a coordinated way
Integrative medicine aims to treat how? Answer - Treat the whole person and
provide well-coordinated care between different providers and institutions
List the general sources of compounds studied by pharmacognosy. Answer -
Marine invertebrates, plants, fungi, and bacteria
T or F:
All plants contain primary metabolites. Answer - True
What is the purpose of secondary metabolites? Answer - Serve as survival
functions for organisms producing them
What are the roles that secondary metabolites have for organisms that
produce them? Answer - Weapons against other organisms, metal transporting
agents, symbiotic agents
How are Botanical drugs approved? Answer - IND/NDA Approval
How are new chemical entities (drugs) approved? Answer - IND/NDA Approval
How are Dietary supplements approved? Answer - Premarket notification to
FDA
How are GRAS substances approved? Answer - Self affirmation, FDA accepts
How are medical foods approved? Answer - Self affirmation
How are cosmetics approved? Answer - No regulatory pathway
How are homeopathic products approved? Answer - Submission to the
Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia of the US
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