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EDF 6222 Final Exam Questions With Multiple Choices And Verified Answers.

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psychophysical parallelism - correct answer While some methodological behaviorists accept that there are mental states, they have ruled them completely out of consideration. This is not a new concept and was once referred to as . methodological - co...

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EDF 6222 Final
psychophysical parallelism - correct answer While some methodological
behaviorists accept that there are mental states, they have ruled them completely out of consideration.
This is not a new concept and was once referred to as .

methodological - correct answer behaviorism might be thought of as a
psychological version of logical positivism or operationism.

introspection - correct answer Structuralism relied on , which looked inward
to describe sensations, images, and feelings

philosophy - correct answer "Behaviorism is not the science of human
behavior; it is the of that science" (Skinner, 1974. p.3).

parsimony - correct answer With , we look for the simplest explanation
possible, not extensive mentalistic explanations.

bias, evidence, replication - correct answer In order to be excellent stewards
of science, as behavior analysts, we can follow a few guidelines when gathering and evaluating evidence.
This includes reducing ___ by ensuring interobserver agreement, examining for actual ___(as opposed
to effects that could have produced changes without the intervention), ___ , and self-correction.

evidence - correct answer Being scientifically skeptical means that until there
is available, assumptions should not be made.

science, lawful relations - correct answer "___ is more than the mere
description of events as they occur. It is an attempt to discover order, to show that certain events stand
in ___ to other events (Skinner, 1953, p.6)."

mentalistic, explanatory - correct answer In Pavlov's early research, he did not
jump to conclusions to suggest that the dog was "thinking" of food, and therefore salivating. Instead, he

, carefully controlled conditions that allowed him to show that particular stimuli can "acquire" the ability
to elicit secretion. His careful analysis of the scientific method allowed him to avoid both ___ and ___
fictions

debilitating - correct answer The evolutionary explanation for reflexes
indicates that they are for the survival of the organism. However, we know all too well that sometimes
responses can be conditioned that serve no purpose - even add a __ purpose - to our complex lives.

conditioning, stimulus control, novel - correct answer Skinner (1953) informed
us "Although the process of __ greatly extends the scope of the eliciting stimulus, it does not bring all
the behavior of the organism within such __ "(p. 56). Conditioning can add numerous different eliciting
stimuli, but it will never fashion a __ response.

prediction, control, accessible - correct answer According to Skinner,
contingencies of reinforcement have an edge over contingencies of survival because contingencies of
reinforcement "Have the edge with __ and __ and the conditions under which a species acquires
behavior are relatively __ and can often be manipulated".

ontogeny - correct answer is the learned behaviors of a particular animal
during its lifetime.

phylogeny - correct answer is behaviors that have been passed down over the
lifetime of the entire species.

chain, learned - correct answer It can be difficult to distinguish between
ontogenetic and phylogenic established behaviors. For a person viewing a complex __ for the first time,
it may seem mysterious. But each step of the chain can be traced back to the shaping process. Just
because the shaping process was not observed, it does not mean that it was not __ . However, when we
view a spider spin a web "no comparable history can be invoked" to determine the phylogenic
contingencies at work (Skinner, 1966, p.1208).

genes, environment, cause - correct answer Moore (2015) stated " __
predispose an individual's susceptibility to influence from the __ (p. 27). We must be careful not to
assert that genes "__ " behavior; rather, they set up the physical basis for the processes and structures
that participate in behavior. Behavior still occurs in the context of the environment.

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