Biology: Genetics Exam Verified Solutions

Biology: Genetics Exam Verified Solutions
Gregor Mendel

Father of modern genetics. Catholic priest. Observed his pea plants: how traits are passes down.
Mendel's 3 Law's.




Mendel's 3 Laws

1. Law of Dominance
2. Law of Segregation
3. Law of Independent Assortment

Law of Dominance (1st Law)

Genes have alleles in which some are more dominant than others.




Law of Segregation (2nd Law)

A heterozygois genotype has an equal chance of passing down the trait.




Law of Independent Assortment (3rd Law)

Double trait can cross over and match up as they wish.

,DNA

Doxyribo Nucleic Acid; makes up chromosomes.




Gene

One segment/piece of a chromosome; controls the making of traits.




Dominant

Overpowering allele. Allele "A" is more dominant than allele "a."

Recessive

A gene that is overpowered by the dominant trait.

Genotype

Genes (letters) on alleles for a trait.




Phenotype

Physical expression of a trait.




Heterozygous

Different alleles.

, Homozygous

Same alleles




Allele

One form of a gene; you get 2 alleles, one from each parent.




Punnett Square

A table that shows how traits are passed down.




Multiple Alleles

More than one gene that's passed down.




Homologous

The same chromosome you got from each parent.