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Summary Ear Nose Throat Conditions - DEARSIM Format $8.07   Add to cart

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Summary Ear Nose Throat Conditions - DEARSIM Format

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A thoroughly summarised revision tool to understand cardiovascular medicine. Key features include: 1. Most common conditions such as tonsillitis, otitis media, otitis externa, sinusitis, rhinitis and many more. 2. Pathophysiology and clinical presentation including buzzwords tailored for exam...

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  • August 3, 2024
  • 15
  • 2023/2024
  • Summary
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ENT CONDITIONS




EARS

Vestibular Neuritis
Definition Inner ear affected by a virus, nerve inflamed/swollen

Epidemiology Second most common cause of vestibular vertigo

Aetiology Vestibulocochlear nerve inflamed/swollen

Risk Factors Viral infections

Symptoms Sudden onset, nausea, vomiting, dizziness

Signs Nystagmus, failed head impulse test

Investigations Head impulse test, eye check

Management For short term rapid relief - buccal prochlorperazine, less severe - orally,
antihistamines. Refer to stroke team if severe symptoms do not settle in 24-48
hours

, Stroke
Definition Blood supply to brain cut off

Epidemiology 2nd leading cause of death

Aetiology blocked artery (ischemic stroke) or leaking/bursting of blood vessel (hemorrhagic
stroke)

Risk Factors High blood pressure, heart disease, smoking, obesity, poor diet etc.

Symptoms Sudden onset, dizziness, trouble speaking, confusion

Signs Failed head impulse, nystagmus

Investigations Head impulse test, eye exam, checking weakness of body

Management Prompt referral to ED/neurology




BPPV (Benign Positional Paroxysmal Vertigo)
Definition Disorder of inner ear - repeated episodes of positional vertigo

Epidemiology
Aetiology Caused by loose CaCO3 debris in canals of inner ear

Risk Factors Head injury, prolonged recumbent position, ear surgery, episode of inner ear
pathology

Symptoms Episodic vertigo, nausea, vomiting, imbalance, no hearing loss or tinnitus

Signs Normal neuro and otoscopic exam, positive Dix-hallpike manoeuvre

Investigations Dix-Hallpike - lay down and lift up patient, nystagmus when lying down

Management Epley manoeuvre - reposition, Brandt-Daroff, imaging and referral if no improvement
is seen



Meniere’s Disease
Definition Inner ear - causes dizzy spells

Epidemiology Ages 40-60, lifelong condition

Aetiology Unknown cause

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