Summary Gastroenterology Conditions - DEARSIM Format
4 views 0 purchase
Course
Foundation in Clinical Medicine
Institution
St Georges
A thoroughly summarised revision tool to understand cardiovascular medicine.
Key features include:
1. Most common conditions such as H. pylori infection, gastroenteritis, IBD, hepatitis and more.
2. Pathophysiology and clinical presentation including buzzwords tailored for exam preparation
3...
Inflammation in pancreas > digestive enzymes activated > enzymes auto-
digest pancreatic tissue = inflammation and damage
Risk Factors
Symptoms Stabbing-like, epigastric pain (high middle or left) radiating to back
Relieved by sitting forward and fetal position
Vomiting
Hypovolaemia (tachycardia)
Fever (indicating complication with infection)
, PMH of alcohol and gallstones suggestive
Signs Grey-Turner’s sign (bruising along flanks) – indicates retroperitoneal
bleed
Cullen’s sign (bruising around umbilical area – below belly button)
*Often metastasises early to lung, liver and bowel
Signs
Investigations Refer using suspected cancer pathway referral (within two weeks)
for pancreatic cancer IF 1. Aged above 40 and 2. Have jaundice
Consider urgent CT or ultrasound scan (within two weeks) if 1. Aged
over 60 WITH weight loss and 2. ANY OF: diarrhoea, back pain,
abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation, new-onset diabetes
Abdominal ultrasound – detect tumours >2cm > liver metastases >
dilation of common bile duct
(Endoscopic ultrasound for small lesions + biopsy if needed)
CT scan – disease staging and prediction of surgical resectability
MRCP – investigation of bile ducts
Management Only curative treatment is surgical resection – only 15-20% as late diagnosis
- No evidence of superior mesenteric artery or celiac involvement
- No evidence of metastases
Palliative therapy:
Endoscopic stent insertion in common bile duct > palliative surgery
if failed
Chemotherapy
Radiotherapy (localised advanced disease only)
Acute Liver Failure
Definition Sudden onset of liver dysfunction that causes encephalopathy within 8
weeks
- Absence of prior liver disease
*Encephalopathy – brain function is affected due to accumulation of
ammonia (greatly increases mortality rate)
Epidemiology
Aetiology Main cause of ALF is paracetamol overdose
Non-paracetamol aetiologies include: viral, ischemia, pregnancy,
malignancy
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller dogakck. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $14.11. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
