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AP Environmental Science Exam Review With Complete Solutions Latest Update
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AP Environmental Science Exam Review With Complete Solutions Latest Update
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AP Environmental Science Exam ReviewAbiotic - correct answers Pertaining to factors or things that are nonliving.
acid - correct answers Any compound that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Also, a water solution that
contains a surplus of hydrogen ions.
A horizon - correct answers a soil horizon; the layer below the O layer is called the A layer. The A layer is formed of
weathered rock, with some organic material; often referred to as topsoil.
alkaline - correct answers a basic substance; chemically, a substance that absorbs hydrogen ions or releases hydroxyl
ions; in reference to natural water, a measure of the base content of the water.
aquifer - correct answers an underground layer of porous rock, sand, or other material that allows the movement of
water between layers of nonporous rock or clay. Aquifers are frequently tapped for wells.
arable - correct answers land that's fit to be cultivated.
asthenosphere - correct answers the part of the mantle that lies just below the lithosphere.
atmosphere - correct answers the gaseous mass or envelope surrounding a celestial body, especially the one
surrounding the Earth, which is retained by the celestial body's gravitational field.
barrier island - correct answers a long, relatively narrow island running parallel to the mainland-built up by the action of
waves and currents and serving to protect the coast from erosion by surf and tidal surges.
biological weathering - correct answers any weathering that's caused by the activities of living organisms.
biotic - correct answers living or derived from living things.
,B horizon - correct answers a soil horizon; B receives the minerals and organic materials that are leached out of the A
horizon.
chemical weathering - correct answers the result of chemical interaction with the bedrock that is typical of the action of
both water and atmospheric gases.
C horizon - correct answers a soil horizon, horizon C is made up of larger pieces of rock that have not undergone much
weathering.
clay - correct answers the finest soil, made up of particles that are less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
convection - correct answers the vertical movement of a mass of matter due to heating and cooling; this can happen in
both the atmosphere and Earth's mantle.
convection currents - correct answers air currents caused by the vertical movement of air due to atmospheric heating
and cooling.
convergent boundary - correct answers a plate boundary where two plates are moving toward each other.
coral reef - correct answers an erosion-resistant marine ridge or mound consisting chiefly of compacted coral together
with algal material and biochemically deposited magnesium and calcium carbonates.
Coriolis effect - correct answers The observed effect of the Coriolis force, especially the deflection of an object moving
above the Earth, rightward in the Northern Hemisphere, and leftward in the Southern Hemisphere.
crop rotation - correct answers the practice of alternating the crops grown on a piece of land - for example, corn one
year, legumes for two years, and then back to corn.
delta - correct answers a usually triangular alluvial deposit at the mouth of a river.
divergent boundary - correct answers a plate boundary at which plates are moving away from each other. This causes an
upwelling of magma from the mantle to cool and form new crust.
, doldrums - correct answers a region of the ocean near the equator, characterized by calms, light winds, or squalls.
drip irrigation - correct answers a method of supplying irrigation water through tubes that literally drip water onto the
soil at the base of each plant.
earthquake - correct answers the result of vibrations (often due to plate movements) deep in the Earth that release
energy. They often occur as two plates slide past one another at a transform boundary.
El Nino - correct answers a climate variation that takes place in the tropical Pacific about every three to seven years, for
a duration of about one year.
erosion - correct answers the process of soil particles being carried away by wind or water. Erosion moves the smaller
particles first and hence degrades the soil to a coarser, sandier, stonier texture.
estuary - correct answers the part of the wide lower course of a river where its current is met by the tides.
fault - correct answers the place where two plates abut each other.
Green Revolution - correct answers the development and introduction of new varieties of (mainly) wheat and rice that
has increased yields per acre dramatically in countries since the 1960s.
greenhouse effect - correct answers the phenomenon whereby the Earth's atmosphere traps solar radiation, caused by
the presence in the atmosphere of gases such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, and methane that allow incoming sunlight
to pass through, but absorb heat radiated back from the Earth's surface.
Hadley cell - correct answers a system of vertical and horizontal air circulation predominating in tropical and subtropical
regions and creating major weather patterns.
Headwaters - correct answers the water from which a river rises; a source.
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