ACE PT Final Exam | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025
Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | 100% Pass
SMART goals - specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, time-bound
3 stages of motor learning - Cognitive: Clients are trying to understand the new skill, PT should show,
tell, and do
Associative: Clients begin to master the basics and are ready for more specific feedback
Autonomous: Client knows the skills well, PT is doing less teaching and more monitoring
Now that they've learned the skill, the PT can introduce new exercises or routines and the process
begins again
Transtheoretical Model of Change - Precontemplation: People are sedentary and not even considering
an activity program, don't think being physical is important to their lives
Contemplation: People are still sedentary, begin to consider activity as important, not ready to commit
to making a change
Preparation: Some physical activity but its sporadic, mentally and physically preparing to adopt an
activity program
Action: People are engaged in regular physical activity but its been less than 6 months
Maintenance: Regular physical activity participation for longer than 6 months
FITT-VP Principle - Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type
Volume
Progression
*Bonus: Pattern
Aerobic FITT-VP recomendations - Frequency: 5 days/week moderate, 3 vigorous or combination
Intensity: Moderate-vigorous for most adults, light-moderate for deconditioned individuals
,Time: 30-60 min moderate, 20-60 min vigorous, <20 min for sedentary individuals
Type: Continuous and rhythmic
Volume: 500-1000 MET min/week, 7000 steps/day
Progression: Adjust duration, frequency, and/or intensity
*Bonus- Pattern: One session or 10 min sessions
Resistance FITT-VP recomendations - Frequency: train each major muscle group 2-3 days/week
Intensity:
20-50% 1-RM in older adults to improve power
40-50% 1-RM (light) for older people
50% 1-RM (light-moderate) to improve muscular endurance
60-70% 1-RM (moderate-vigorous) for novice to intermediate exercisers
>80% 1-RM (vigorous) for experienced
Time: N/A
Type: Multi-joint followed by single-joint
Repetitions: 8-12 for most
10-15 for middle aged to older people starting exercise
15-20 to improve muscular endurance
Sets: 2-4 sets for most adults
1 set for new exercisers or elderly
<2 sets to improve muscular endurance
Progression: More resistance, more repetitions per set, increasing frequency
Pattern = Rest 2-3 min between sets, rest of 48 hours between sessions
Function-Health-Fitness-Performance Continuum - Progression of exercise programs
Function: Improves activities of daily living
Health: Improved overall health, stability/mobility, balance training
-Primary goal for previously sedentary individuals
Fitness: Goal for most experienced exercisers
,Performance: Athletes
ACE IFT Model - Cardiorespiratory: Base -> Fitness -> Performance
Muscular training: Functional -> Movement -> load/speed
Cardiorespiratory IFT steps - Base: Zone 1 = Moderate intensity (below VT1, RPE 3-4), progress to fitness
when the person can complete 20 min of cardiorespiratory exercise
Fitness: Integrate vigorous-intensity intervals (RPE 5-6, VT1-VT2)
Performance: Moderate-vigorous intensity, RPE 7-10 and VT2 or above intervals
Muscular IFT Steps - Functional: Postural stability and kinetic-chain mobility, improve muscular
endurance, flexibility, core function, balance
Movement: Include movements in all 5 planes of motion, maintain form
Load/speed: Add weight (load), increase speed, agility, quickness, and power
Talk test - Below VT1: Can perform the exercises and talk in complete sentences
At VT1: More difficult to talk. Lactate threshold
VT1-VT2: Has to take breaths between sentences
At VT2: Lactate increases steadily, very difficult to talk
PAR-Q - Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire
Pre-exercise screening
Overview of health history
Allows the PT to determine if the client needs a dr's approval to exercise
Beta blockers - Reduce blood pressure
Resting HR: Dec
Exercise HR: Dec
Exercise Capacity: dec VO2 max with acute administration and inc with chronic administration
, Angiotensin II receptor blockers and calcium channel blockers - Lower blood pressure
Resting HR: Dec or NC
Exercise HR: Inc, NC, or dec
Exercise Capacity: Usually NC
Other antihypertensives - Lower blood pressure
Resting HR: Inc, NC, or DC
Exercise HR: Inc, Dec, or NC
Exercise Capacity: Usually NC
Antihistimines - Treat allergies
If they're decongestants, as most are, they'll inc blood pressure
Resting HR: Inc
Exercise HR: NC
Exercise Capacity: NC
Antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications - Resting HR: Inc or NC
Exercise HR: Inc or NC
Exercise Capacity: N/A
Stimulants - Increases blood pressure
Resting HR: Inc
Exercise HR: Inc
Exercise Capacity: Inc or NC
Caffeine - Temporarily raises blood pressure
Resting HR: Inc
Exercise HR: Inc or NC
