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Irritable Bowel Syndrome | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025 Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions $13.48   Add to cart

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025 Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025 Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions

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  • August 4, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  • Irritable Bowel Syndrome
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025
Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions


Define irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) - ✔✔Chronic, functional bowel disorder characterized by
discomfort associated with changes in bowel movements



What are four risk factors for IBS? - ✔✔- Younger age (< 50 y/o)

- Female

- Smoking

- Psychological stress



Why is IBS more common in women? - ✔✔Unknown

May be related to: hormonal factors, behavioral stress response, changes in gut micro biome,
psychological factors, visceral hypersensitivity, differing medical care-seeking behaviors



When are symptoms most common? - ✔✔Women - late teens to mid-forties then decreases and
increases again around age 70

Men - constant from 20-10 years old



Macth IBS-C and IBS-D to which sex it is more common in: Male or Female - ✔✔IBS-C is more common
in women

IBS-D is more common in men



What are two broad categories of causes of IBS? - ✔✔Environmental Contributors and Host Factors



What are environmental contributors to IBS? - ✔✔Early life stressors

Food intolerance

Antibiotics

Enteric infection

,What are host factors contributing to IBS? - ✔✔- Altered pain perception

- Altered brain-gut interaction

- Dysbiosis (reduction in microbiota diversity)

- Increased intestinal permeability

- Increased gut mucosal immune activation

- Visceral hypersensitivity



What foods are often identified as triggers for symptoms in IBS? - ✔✔FODMAPs

- Fermentable Oligosaccharides

- Disaccharides

- Monosaccharides

- And Polyols



What are psychosocial factors affecting the pathophysiology of IBS? - ✔✔- Verbal, sexual, or physical
abuse

- Learned illness behaviors

- Hypervigilance, catastrophizing



What are common complaints by patients with IBS? - ✔✔- Loose/frequent stools

- Constipation

- Bloating

- Abdominal pain, discomfort, and cramping

- Symptoms triggered by eating

- Symptoms change over time



What are seven "concerning features" with IBS that may require further testing? - ✔✔- Symptom onset
after 50 y/o

- Sever or progressively worsening symptoms

- Unexplained weight loss

, - Nocturnal diarrhea

- Rectal bleeding or melena

- Unexplained iron deficiency

- Family history of GI diseases (colon cancer, IBD, celiac disease)



What is celiac disease? - ✔✔Immune-mediate disease in which foods containing the store protein,
gluten, lead to enteropathy in genetically susceptible individuals



What are useful inflammatory markers in diagnosis of celiac disease? - ✔✔- Immunoglobulin A (IgA)
tissue transglutimase

- Quantitative IgA level



If inflammatory markers are positive, what additional diagnostic measured are recommended? -
✔✔Upper endoscopy for biopsy



What is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)? - ✔✔An umbrella term that is characterized by inflammation
of the mucosal layer



What are useful inflammatory markers in diagnosis of IBD? - ✔✔- Fecal calprotectin (fCal)

- Fecal lactoferrin (FL)

- C-Reactive Protein (CRP)



What is fecal calprotectin? What cells produce it? What is it a useful marker of? - ✔✔Is is a calcium
binding protein produced by neutrophils. It is a useful marker of neutrophil activity in the intestines



What is fCal highly resistant to? - ✔✔It is highly resistant to degradation by pancreatic and intestinal
secretions



What is fecal lactoferrin? What cells secrete it? - ✔✔It is an iron binding protein produced by active
neutrophils

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