The study of the frequency, distribution and determinants of health and disease in populations, and the
application of this study to control health problems. - What is the definition of Epidemiology?
Edward Jenner - Who invented the first vaccine? (smallpox/cowpox)
James Lind - Who figured out that citrus fruits cured scurvy?
Sir Percival Pott - Who was one of the first to develop a cause-effect link between chimney sweepers
and squamous cell carcinoma of the scrotum?
John Snow - Who used "shoe leather epidemiology" to solve the cholera outbreak?
a - A disease that occurs only occasionally in a population with a prevalence of zero is:
a) sporadic
b) endemic
c) epidemic
d) pandemic
b - A disease that is habitually present within a given geographic area at an expected level is:
a) sporadic
b) endemic
c) epidemic
d) pandemic
c - A disease that appears as new cases, in a given population, during a given period, at a rate that
substantially exceeds what is expected based on recent experiences is:
a) sporadic
,b) endemic
c) epidemic
d) pandemic
d - A disease that is widespead over a large area (a worldwide epidemic) is:
a) sporadic
b) endemic
c) epidemic
d) pandemic
b - Chickenpox is an example of a(n) ______ disease:
a) sporadic
b) endemic
c) epidemic
d) pandemic
a - Rabies is an example of a(n) _______ disease:
a) sporadic
b) endemic
c) epidemic
d) pandemic
d - The plague in Europe in the 1300s is an example of a(n):
a) sporadic
b) endemic
c) epidemic
d) pandemic
, Dr John Wilesmith - Who was the modern day "John Snow" who discovered the connection between
mad cow disease and infective material?
Host, Agent, Environment - What composes the Epidemiological Triad?
a - When the host's body is invaded by microorganisms, the organisms multiply, and the host's immune
system responds, they are:
a) infected
b) diseased
c) sub-clinically infected
d) colonized
c - When an agent infects the host, stimulates the immune system, but does not cause overt disease,
they are:
a) infected
b) diseased
c) sub-clinically infected
d) colonized
d - When an infectious agent establishes itself in the host but the immune system is not stimulated to
respond (thus, the host is not considered "infected"), they are considered:
a) infected
b) diseased
c) sub-clinically infected
d) colonized
b - When an infection causes clinical signs/symptoms, the host can be considered:
a) infected
b) diseased
c) sub-clinically infected
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