Answers 100% Pass
What is the percentage of fatalities of confined space rescue that would be the
rescuers? - ANSWER more than 60% of confined space fatalities are rescuers.
Confined space - ANSWER - It is large enough and configured so that an
employee can bodily enter and perform assigned work
- It has limited or restricted means of entry or exit. (Ex: tanks, vessels, storage bins,
hoppers and pits.)
- It is not designed for continuous employee occupancy
Permit Required Confined Space - ANSWER (also called a permit space)
- Contains a hazardous atmosphere
- Contains a material that has the potential to engulf an entrapment
- Contains internal configurations with the ability to trap or asphyxiate an entrant by
inwardly converging walls or downward sloping floors that taper into smaller cross
section
- Contains any other recognized serious safety or health hazard
- Hazardous Atmosphere, Internal Configuration, Serious or safety health hazard and
Engulfment.
Hazardous Atmosphere - ANSWER May expose employees to risk of death,
incapacitation, impairment, injury or acute illness.
Oxygen Content - ANSWER Atmospheric oxygen concentration should be
between 19.5% and 23.5%
Oxygen Deficient - ANSWER Oxygen levels below 19.5%
Oxygen Enriched - ANSWER Oxygen levels above 23.5%
Flammable Gases, Vapors and /or Mists - ANSWER The concentration of any
flammable gas vapor or mist must be below 10% of its Lower flammability Limit (LFL)
- The LFL is the lowest concentration that a flammable mixture can be ignited when it
comes into contact with an ignition source at a sufficient temperature
What is the percentage of injuries and deaths in confined space that are the result of
a hazardous atmosphere? - ANSWER 90%
Engulfment - ANSWER When a liquid or finely divided flowable solid substance
traps or surrounds a person.
- The substance can fill or plug the respiratory system
- The substance can exert enough force on the body to strangulate, constrict or
crush the person.
Bridging - ANSWER An example of engulfment
,- Material that is loaded into a vessel that can adhere to the sides of the vessel or
clump together because of the temperature or environment. When the material is
unloaded from the bottom it can create avoid space that can not be seen and can
collapse at any point. Anyone who steps on top of the material can fall below the
bridged material and become trapped.
Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH) - ANSWER Any condition that
would pose an immediate or delayed threat to life, cause irreversible adverse health
effects, or interfere with an individuals ability to escape unaided from a hazardous
environment.
Individual Roles in Confined Space Entry - ANSWER Attendant, Authorized
Entrant and Entry Supervisor
Attendant - ANSWER An individual stationed outside one or more permit required
spaces who monitors authorized entrants and performs all duties assigned
Authorized Entrant - ANSWER An employee who is authorized by the employer to
enter a permit required space.
Entry Supervisor - ANSWER The person responsible for determining if acceptable
entry conditions are present at a permit space where entry is planned, for authorizing
entry and overseeing entry operations and for terminating entry as required.
Requirements for Rescue and Emergency Services in Permit Spaces - ANSWER -
A rescue team can be formed internally (on-site rescue team)
- Externally (Private contract or public emergency service)
Internal Rescue Teams - ANSWER Federal regulations require employees to:
- Provide appropriate PPE
- Train employees to perform rescue duties, Basic First aid and CPR
- AT LEAST ONE MEMBER MUST BE CERIFIED IN CPR
- Practice permit required space rescues once a year
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) - ANSWER - Sheet that provides information on the safe
use of and hazards of chemicals, as well as emergency steps to take in the event
chemicals are splashed, sprayed, or ingested
- If an injury occurs an SDS must be available
Approaches to Operational Readiness - ANSWER There are 3 jurisdictional
approaches to emergency response
- Self Sufficient Method
- Community Dependent Method
- Regional Method
Self Sufficient Method - ANSWER -The responding agency is responsible for
everything when a confined space incident occurs in their jurisdiction.
- Most expensive approach
- Onsite rescue team
, Community Dependent Method - ANSWER - Seek out community agency who
have rescue training and experience
- Create a resource contact list is an emergency arises
- Fire department, Police and Emergency rescue teams
Regional Method - ANSWER - Most Cost effective
- Spread across several jurisdictions
- More detailed system of accountability
- Disaster readiness, Massive response and Least Expensive
Operational Readiness Trifecta - ANSWER - Personnel: Rescuers that should be
medically and psychologically evaluated for confined space rescue
- Training: Establishes and maintains knowledge with skill proficiency
- Equipment: Right equipment for safe and effective rescue operations
NFPA 1006 - ANSWER Standard for Technical Rescuer Professional
Qualifications: Minimum JPR's for personnel that perform technical rescue
operations.
NFPA 1500 - ANSWER Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety, Health,
and Wellness Program
NFPA 1561 - ANSWER Standard on Emergency Services Incident Management
System and Command Safety
NFPA 1584 - ANSWER Standard on the Rehabilitation Process for Members
During Emergency Operations and Training Exercises
NFPA 1670 - ANSWER Standard on Operations and Training for Technical Search
and Rescue Incidents
NFPA 1951 - ANSWER Standard on Protective Ensembles for Technical Rescue
Incidents: Helmets and Boots
NFPA 1983 - ANSWER Standard on Life Safety Rope and Equipment for
Emergency Services: Identifies requirements for life safety rope and equipment used
in rescue emergency operations
NFPA 2112 - ANSWER Standard on Flame-Resistant Garments for Protection of
Industrial Personnel Against Flash Fire: Denotes performance requirements and
testing methods for flame resistant fabric and garments
Incident Command System (ICS) - ANSWER - Element of the National Incident
Management System (NIMS).
- Provides a standardized approach to command, control, and coordination of on
scene incident management.
- Dictates an organizational structure for incident management that allows personnel
from multiple organizations to effectively work together.
Purpose of ICS - ANSWER - Safety of responders and others