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APSC 151 Week 3 -Hazard Management and Earth Systems Engineering Exam | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025 Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions $13.48   Add to cart

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APSC 151 Week 3 -Hazard Management and Earth Systems Engineering Exam | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025 Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions

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  • APSC 151
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  • APSC 151

APSC 151 Week 3 -Hazard Management and Earth Systems Engineering Exam | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025 Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions

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  • August 4, 2024
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  • APSC 151
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APSC 151 Week 3 -Hazard Management and Earth Systems Engineering Exam | Questions
& Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025 Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded
Answers | With Expert Solutions

force - Puts stationary objects in motion or changes the motions of moving bodies



compressive strain - - negative

Continuous tectonic plate movement creates stresses and strains in the crust



Deformation - refers to all changes in the original form and/or size of a rock body

- Most crustal deformation occurs along or near plate margins

- Small amounts of strain over geological time cause large changes



elastic deformation - region where the material will return to its original shape when the stress is
removed



brittle fracture - - Breaks into pieces

- Low temps and pressures near the surface

Ex. Faults, joints



ductile deformation - - Permanent deformation without breaking

- High temps and pressures deep: solid state flow

- Often with metamorphism

Ex. folds



differential stress - Applied unequally from different directions



compressional stress - differential stress that shortens a rock body



tensional stress - elongates a rock body

, shear stress - changes the shape of a rock body



crystal deformation - Under directed pressure (from tectonics), atoms can move (slowly) within a solid
to create shortening in one direction



faults - Faults are large scale shear ruptures and fractures in the crust both locally and globally



folds - ductile deformations outlined by folded strata or folded fabric that we know used to be
horizontal or vertical

- Most folds result from compressional stresses which shorten and thicken the crust

PARTS:

*Limbs :*Two sides of a fold

*Axis:* Crest of the fold - Perpendicular to the shortening or the compression

*Plunge:* Incline axis

*Axial plane:* Divides a fold as symmetrically as possible



joints - smaller scale fractures that form an extension or shear, and *veins* are those fractures that have
been filled in with mineralization

- fractures that result from brittle deformation - typically no displacement

*SIGNIFICANCE OF JOINTS*:

- Chemical weathering concentrates around joints

- Many mineral deposits are emplaced along joint systems

- Highly jointed rocks represent a risk to construction projects by forming unstable blocks(causes
instability underground)



dip - steepest angle or inclination (from horizontal) to plane

- dip direction is bearing or azimuth of dip (measure from North)



strike - azimuth 90 degrees to dip direction

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