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Week 2 APSC 151 | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025 Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions $13.48   Add to cart
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Week 2 APSC 151 | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025 Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions
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Week 2 APSC 151 | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025 Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions

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  • August 4, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Week 2 APSC 151 | Questions & Answers (100 %Score) Latest Updated 2024/2025
Comprehensive Questions A+ Graded Answers | With Expert Solutions

How does magma form - From partial melting. Magma chambers rise up through the surrounding
mantle and lithosphere.



How do igneous rocks form? - From magma cooling



What is magma that reaches the surface called - lava



What is an extrusive igneous rock? - Rocks that are formed when lava hardens above the Earth's surface.
Extrusion can be explosive or flowing.



What is an intrusive igneous rock? - Rocks that are formed when magma hardens beneath Earth's
surface. They harden slowly.



What is a large body of intrusive rock called? - Pluton



What are extrusive igneous features - Lava flows, Fissure eruptions, Volcanoes(many different types)



Intrusive Igneous features - Batholith

laccolith

sills

Dykes

Volcanic Necks



What are the basic volcano types - Shield Valcano(Hawaii), Cinder cone(nicaragua), Composite
cone(mount fiji)



Extrusive igneous bodies - Lava, Volcanic tuff(pyroclastic flow), Volcanic ash

,Batholith - A mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust



Laccolith - A local intrusive body with other rocks below(fed by dykes)



Examples of Batholiths - Sieraa nevada, Coast range on the west coast



Laccoliths examples - Devils tower(Wyoming), Mount Royal(montreal)

Torres del paine(chile)



What are magam 3 components - Melt(the liquid portion composed of mobile ions)



Solids(If any are silicate minerals that have already crystallized from the melt)



Volatiles(gases dissolved in the melt like H2O, CO2 SO2) violitiles make magma rise faster and change
how it behaves



geothermal gradient - the gradual increase in temperature with depth in the crust on average 25
degrees per km



Rocks in the lower crus and upper mantle are between what temperatures - 1500-2500 degrees



What 3 causes cause melting to beginning - Confining pressure drops slightly, Temperature increased,
volatiles are introduced



What is decompression melting - melting due to a drop in confining pressure that occurs as rock rises



What is crystallization? - Cooling magma results in the systematic arrangement of ion into crystal
structures.



What is a mantle of composed of peridotite rich of? - Mg and Fe

, How are mafic magma formed - They originate from the direct melting of mantle rock(peridotite) usually
in ocean ridges. They are darker.



examples of mafic rocks - basalt, olivine, pyroxene and gabbro



How are felsic magma formed? - Mixing of mafic magma and melted continental crust. They are found
within continents(normally at margins)



examples of felsic rocks - granite, quartz, Mica and rhyolite



What is the order of magma crystallization from first to last?(bowen's Reaction series) - Olivine >
Pyroxene > Amphibole > Biotite mica



What are felsic(granitic) igneous rocks composed of? - Light colours silicates, Rich in silica, Major part of
the crust



What are mafic(basaltic) igenous rocks composed of? - Composed of dark silicates and Ca-feldspar, no
quartz

more dense than granitic rocks, Comprise the ocean floor and volcanic islands



What are intermediate(andesite) igneous rocks composed of - Contain at least 25 percent dark silicate
minerals, associated with volcanic activity on continental margins



What are ultramafic igneous rocks composed of? - Composed entirely of ferromagnesian silicates(deep
ocean floor)



Igneous Textures - Glassy texture



Aphanitic(fine grained)

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