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Tema 35 - Reino Hongos

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Tema 35 - Oposición profesorado Biología y Geología. Ajustado a 2 horas de redacción y basado en apuntes de academias, editoriales, universidad. Con citas de autores e investigaciones actuales. Ajustado a palabras.

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  • August 4, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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TEMA 35

REINO HONGOS. HONGOS COMUNES EN NUESTROS CAMPOS Y BOSQUES.
IMPORTANCIA EN LOS ECOSISTEMAS. APLICACIONES Y UTILIDAD. LOS LÍQUENES. SU
PAPEL COMO INDICADORES.




Álvaro Martínez Escolar

, Índice:
1. Introducción: .......................................................................................................... 3
1.1. Justificación e importancia del tema: ................................................................................ 3
1.2. Origen y evolución del reino Fungi (Hongos): ................................................................... 3
2. Reino Hongos (Fungi): ............................................................................................ 3
2.1. Caracteres generales: ........................................................................................................ 3
2.2. Ciclo vital de un hongo típico: ........................................................................................... 4
2.3. Distribución y ecología: ..................................................................................................... 4
3. Clasificación del reino Fungi. Hongos comunes en nuestros campos y bosques: ...... 5
3.1. Quitridiomicetos (División Chytridiomycota): ................................................................... 5
3.2. Zigomicetos (División Zygomycota): .................................................................................. 5
3.3. Glomeromicetos (División Glomeromycota): .................................................................... 5
3.4. Ascomicetos (División Ascomycota): ................................................................................. 5
3.5. Basidiomicetos (División Basidiomycota): ......................................................................... 6
4. Importancia de los hongos en los ecosistemas: ....................................................... 6
4.1. Función saprófita - descomponedora: .............................................................................. 6
4.2. Función parásita o depredadora: ...................................................................................... 6
4.3. Simbiosis fúngica: .............................................................................................................. 7
5. Aplicaciones y utilidad de los hongos: .................................................................... 7
6. Los líquenes: .......................................................................................................... 8
6.1. Componentes de los líquenes: .......................................................................................... 8
6.2. Morfología y anatomía de los líquenes: ............................................................................ 8
6.3. Diversidad de los líquenes: ................................................................................................ 8
6.4. Distribución y ecología: ..................................................................................................... 9
7. Utilidades de los líquenes. Su papel como indicadores: ........................................... 9
8. Contribución del tema al desarrollo del currículo: ................................................... 9
9. Conclusión:........................................................................................................... 10
10. Bibliografía: ....................................................................................................... 10

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