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Sociology Review Question and answers already passed Sociology Review Sociology - correct answer The social science that studies human society and behavior. Social Sciences - correct answer The disciplines that study human social behavior or institutions and functions of human society in ...

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  • August 4, 2024
  • 36
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • Sociology
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Sociology Review
Sociology - correct answer ✔The social science that studies human society
and behavior.


Social Sciences - correct answer ✔The disciplines that study human social
behavior or institutions and functions of human society in a scientific manner.


Social Interaction - correct answer ✔How people relate to one another and
influence each others behavior.


Social Phenomena - correct answer ✔Observable facts or events that
involve human society.


Sociological Perspective - correct answer ✔Looking beyond commonly held
beliefs to the hidden meanings behind human actions.


Sociological Imagination - correct answer ✔The capacity to range from the
most impersonal and remote [topics] to the most intimate features of the
human self- and to see the relations between the two.


Anthropology - correct answer ✔The comparative study of past and present
cultures. (Is the most similar to sociology in its subject matter.)


Psychology - correct answer ✔The social science that deals with the
behavior and thinking of organisms.


Social Psychology - correct answer ✔The study of how the social
environment affects an individual's behavior and personality.

,Economics - correct answer ✔The study of the choices people make in an
effort to satisfy their needs and wants.


Political Science - correct answer ✔The study of organization and operation
of governments.


History - correct answer ✔The study of past events.


Auguste Comte - correct answer ✔- Considered the founder of Sociology.
- Focused on two basic areas of study-- social order and social change,
-Suggested that certain processes, which he called social statistics, held
society together.
-Argued that society changes through definite processes, which he called
social dynamics.
- Today most of his ideas regarding society have been refuted.


Herbert Spencer - correct answer ✔-Believed that society was a set of
interdependent parts that worked together to maintain the system over time.
-Believed that Darwin's theory of evolution of biological organisms to describe
the nature of society.
-Created Social Darwinism


Social Darwinism - correct answer ✔The perspective that holds that societies
evolve toward stability and perfection.


Karl Marx - correct answer ✔-Believed that the structure of a society was
influenced by how its economy is organized.

,-According to him, the bourgeoisie, or capitalists which owned the means of
production, and the proletariat, or workers which owned nothing.
-Led to the development of the conflict theory.
-Father of Communism.


Emile Durkheim - correct answer ✔-Shared some ideas in common with
Comte and Spencer.
-Viewed the role of these interdependent parts in terms of their functions.
-Particularly interested in the function of religion in maintaining social order,
because he believed that shared beliefs and values were the glue that held
society together.
-Examined the suicide rates in several European countries.


Function - correct answer ✔The consequences that an element of society
produces for the maintenance of its society system.


Max Weber - correct answer ✔-Unlike Comte, Spencer, Marx, and
Durkheim, he was interested in separate groups within society rather than in
society as a whole.
-Believed that sociologists should go beyond studying what could be directly
observed and attempt to uncover the feelings and thoughts of individuals.
-Proposed the principle of Verstehen and the concept of ideal type.


Verstehen - correct answer ✔Involves an attempt to understand the
meanings individuals attach to their action.


Ideal Type - correct answer ✔A description comprised of the essential
characteristics of a feature of society.

, Theory - correct answer ✔An explanation of the relationships among
particular phenomena.


Theoretical Perspectives - correct answer ✔The general set of assumptions
about the nature of phenomena. In the case of sociology, it outlines certain
assumptions about the nature of social life.


Functionalist Perspectives - correct answer ✔Broadly based on the ideas of
Comte, Spencer and Durkheim. People who employ this view society as a set
of interrelated parts that work together to produce a stable social system.


Dysfunctional - correct answer ✔The negative consequence an element has
for the stability of the social system.


Manifest Function - correct answer ✔The intended and recognized
consequence of some element of society. Ex. The automobile is to provide
speedy transportation from one location to another.


Latent Function - correct answer ✔The unintended and unrecognized
consequence of an element of society. Ex. The automobile is to gain social
standing through the display of wealth.


Conflict Perspective - correct answer ✔-When people focus on the forces in
society that promote competition and change.
-Are often interested in how those who possess more power in society
exercise control over those with less power.


Interactionist Perspective - correct answer ✔Sociologists which focuses on
how individuals interact with one another in society. These sociologists are
interested in the ways in which individuals respond to one another in everyday
situations.

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