100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
Pharmacology For Nursing Exam 1 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Latest Update 2024/2025. $12.99   Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. Nursing Pharmacology
  4.  
  5. Nursing pharmacology

Exam (elaborations)

Pharmacology For Nursing Exam 1 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Latest Update 2024/2025.
 2 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • Nursing pharmacology
  • Institution
  • Nursing Pharmacology

Pharmacology For Nursing Exam 1 Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Latest Update 2024/2025.

Preview 3 out of 17  pages

Document information

  • August 4, 2024
  • 17
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

Written for

  • Nursing pharmacology
  • Nursing pharmacology

Seller

avatar-seller
Amazingsirpaul

Reviews received

Content preview

Pharmacology For Nursing Exam 1 Questions And
Answers With Verified Solutions Latest Update
2024/2025.
Additive effects - ANSWER § Drug interactions in which the effect of a combination of two or
more drugs with similar actions is equivalent to the sum of the individual effects of the same drugs
given alone

Adverse drug event - ANSWER § Any undesirable occurrence related to administering or
failing to administer a prescribed medication

Adverse drug reaction - ANSWER § any unexpected, unintended, undesired, or excessive
response to a medication given at therapeutic dosages (as opposed to overdose)

Adverse effects - ANSWER § undesirable effects that are a direct response to one or more
drugs

Agonist - ANSWER a drug that binds to and stimulates the activity of one or more receptors in
the body

Allergic reaction - ANSWER § an immunologic hypersensitivity reaction resulting from the
unusual sensitivity of a patient to a particular medication; a type of adverse drug event

Antagonist - ANSWER § a drug that binds to and inhibits the activity of one or more receptors
in the body; also called inhibitors

Antagonistic effects - ANSWER § drug interactions in which the effect of a combination of two
or more drugs is less than the sum of the individual effects of the same drugs given alone

Pharmaceutics - ANSWER § study of how various dosage forms influence the way in which the
drug affects the body

Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER § what the body does to the drug; absorption, distribution,
metabolism, and excretion

Pharmacodynamics - ANSWER § what the drug does to the body; drug-receptor relationships

Pharmacotherapeutics - ANSWER clinical use of drugs to prevent and treat diseases

How does route and first pass effect alter the absorption? - ANSWER PO- bioavailability is less
than 100%; IV- bioavailability is 100%; First-pass effect reduces the bioavailability of the drug to less
than 100%

How does protein binding affect the distribution? - ANSWER o Only those that are NOT
protein bound can distribute to extravascular tissue to reach the site of action

How do drug interactions relate to the concept? - ANSWER o Protein binding can lead to drug-
drug interactions; occurs when the presence of one drug increases or decreases the actions of another
drug that is administered concurrently

,What is the major site of drug metabolism? - ANSWER o The liver

What are cytochrome P-450 enzymes? - ANSWER Enzymes in the liver that control metabolic
reactions of drugs; target lipid soluble drugs that are hard to eliminate

Where are most drugs excreted? - ANSWER o Kidney, liver, and bowel

What can affect the rate of excretion? - ANSWER o Polar/non-polar or water soluble/fat
aoluble drugs

Half-life - ANSWER · time required for one-half of a drug to be removed from the body; rate at
which the drug is eliminated by the body

Onset - ANSWER time for drug to elicit a therapeutic response

Peak - ANSWER · time for drug to reach max. therapeutic response

Duration - ANSWER · length of time that a drug concentration is sufficient (without more
doses)

§ What 3 ways can drugs exert their actions? - ANSWER Receptor interactions,Enzyme
interactions,Nonselective interactions

Receptor interactions - ANSWER · joining of a drug molecule with a reactive sire on the
surface of a cell or tissue; most commonly a protein structure within the cell membrane

Enzyme interactions - ANSWER · inhibit or enhance enzyme function; called selective
interaction

Nonselective interactions - ANSWER · main targets are cell membranes and carious cellular
processes such as metabolic activities; drugs can either physically interfere with or chemically alter
cellular structures or processes

What is the difference between a mechanism of action and a therapeutic effect? - ANSWER §
Mechanism of action is the way in which the therapeutic effect is achieved

Agonist - ANSWER · Drug binds to the receptor; there is a response

Partial agonist - ANSWER · drug binds to the receptor; the response is diminished compared
with that elicited by an agonist

Antagonist: - ANSWER · Drug binds to the receptor; there is no response. Drug prevents
binding of agonists.

Competitive antagonist - ANSWER · Drug competes with the agonist for binding to the
receptor. If it binds, there is no response

Noncompetitive antagonist - ANSWER · drug combines with different parts of the receptor
and inactivates it; agonist then has no effect

How will a nurse evaluate the effectiveness of drug therapy? - ANSWER § Through patient
therapy assessment

, Therapeutic index - ANSWER · ratio of a drug's toxic level to the level that provides
therapeutic benefits (low index means the difference between a therapeutically active dose and a
toxic dose is small and has a greater likelihood than other drugs of causing an adverse reaction; ex:
warfarin and digoxin)

Drug concentration - ANSWER · Concentration of the drug in the blood; some drug levels are
associated with therapeutic responses, and others are associated with toxic effects.

· Patient's response: varies depending on physiologic and psychological demands (i.e. infection,
anxiety, depression)

Tolerance and dependence - ANSWER · tolerance is a decreasing response to repeated drug
doses; dependence is a physiologic need for a drug (physical dependence- physiologic need for a drug
to avoid withdrawal symptoms; psychological dependence- addiction or obsessive desire for the
euphoric effects of a drug)

Adverse drug events - ANSWER · any undesirable occurrence involving medications

o Vary from no effect to mild discomfort to life-threatening complications, permanent disability,
disfigurement, or death

Active Transport - ANSWER § movement of substance between different tissues via pumping
mechanisms that require energy

Diffusion - ANSWER § Passive movement of a substance between tissues from areas of higher
concentration to areas of lower concentration

Neonate - ANSWER § Pertaining to a person younger than 1 month of age; newborn infant

Older Adult - ANSWER § Pertaining to a person who is 65 years of age or older

Pediatric - ANSWER § Pertaining to a person who is 12 years of age or younger

Polypharmacy - ANSWER § The use of many different drugs concurrently in treating a patient,
who often has several health problems

What do the different pregnancy classes mean? - ANSWER o Safety categories of drugs that
the FDA developed for use during pregnancy;

§ Category A: no risk to the human fetus

§ Category B: no risk to the animal fetus; info for humans is not available

§ Category C: Adverse effects reported in the animal fetus; info for humans is not available

§ Category D: Possible fetal risk in humans has been reported; however in selected cases consideration
of the potential benefit vs. risk may warrant use of these drugs in pregnant women

§ Category X: Fetal abnormalities have been reported, and positive evidence of fetal risk in humans is
available from animal and/or human studies. These drugs are not to be used in pregnant women

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Amazingsirpaul. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $12.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

81113 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling

Recently viewed by you

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

123 TRAINING SOLUTIONS ORDER PICKER FORKLIFT LICENSING COURSE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
$12.99
  • (0)
  Add to cart