Nucleus - aids in cell division and control of genetic info, contains DNA (think the egg yolk)
Ribosomes - RNA-protein complexes; float freely in cytoplasm; provide sites for cellular protein
synthesis; packages and modifies protein for transportation and secretion
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) - specializes in the synthesis and transport of the protein and lipid
components of most of the cells organelles (memory factory)
Golgi complex - Organelle that packages and distributes proteins into vesicles and transports within and
outside of cell (refining plant in cytoplasm; traffic cop- what goes in and out of cytoplasm)
Lysosomes - An organelle containing digestive enzymes; digest and remove wastes, digest debris from
dead cells; if ruptured, they can digest cell contents; autodigestion occurs in starvation
Mitochondria - Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production; pathway for
metabolism of carbs, lipids, and amino acids into ATP; to keep the cell alive; can grow and self-replicate
in the cell
Cytoskeleton - A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids
in movement; "bones and muscle" of the cell; have cilia to move it on out
Characteristics of plasma membrane - made up of lipids and proteins; the basic component is a bi-layer
of lipid molecules that are responsible for the structural integrity of the membrane
, The _______________ prevents water soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma
membrane - Phospholipid layer
Prokaryote - unicellular organism lacking a nucleus; contains NO organelles (include cyanobacteria,
bacteria, and rickettsia)
cellular receptors - protein molecules on the plasma membrane, in the cytoplasm, or in the nucleus that
can recognize and bind with specific smaller molecules called ligands
passive transport - The movement of materials through a cell membrane WITHOUT using energy; no-
energy transport of uncharged molecules through any semi-permeable barrier (occurs down a
concentration gradient)
Diffusion - Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
concentration gradient - A difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance.
hydrostatic pressure - the mechanical force of water PUSHING against cellular membranes
Osmosis - Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane; from a region of higher water
concentration to a region of lower water concentration; directly r/t hydrostatic pressure and solute
concentration; PULL
active transport - the movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller VasilyKichigin. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.48. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
