NURSE 3 EXAM 2 WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS 2024 NEW UPDATE Q&A
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Course
NURSE 3
Institution
NURSE 3
S/S of increased intracranial pressure? - ANSWERSHTN w or w/o bradycardia, decreased LOC, headache, vomiting, respiratory changes
What can you do for increased intracranial pressure? - ANSWERSMannitol (most common, is an osmotic diuretic), Lasix (loop diuretics), proper oxygen and ventilation,...
What can you do for increased intracranial pressure? - ANSWERSMannitol
(most common, is an osmotic diuretic), Lasix (loop diuretics), proper oxygen
and ventilation, head of bed 30-45 degrees, nothing tight around neck (ET ties),
What effect does carbon dioxide have on blood vessels? - ANSWERSCauses
vasodilation. If too little carbon dioxide, causes vasoconstriction.
What are the types of burns? - ANSWERSThermal (f/heat), chemical, radiation,
electrical, combination
How are burns classified? - ANSWERS1st (Superficial)
2nd (partial-thickness)
3rd (full-thickness)
,What are the different zones of injury? - ANSWERSZone of coagulation
(necrosis). Center. Irreversible.
Zone of stasis (injury). Closest to center. Blood vessels are injured. Decreased
perfusion.
Zone of hyperemia (inflammation). Furthest from center. Increased blood flow
due to vasodilation.
What layers of skin do second degree burns involve? - ANSWERSEpidermis
and SOME of the dermis.
Blisters indicate a more superficial partial thickness burn
What layers of skin do 3rd degree burns involve? - ANSWERSEpidermis and
full dermis
What is the formula for fluid replacement? - ANSWERSParkland formula
2-4mL of LR x body weight in kg x % of burn
Divide by 2.
First half is administered over 8 hours (FROM TIME THAT BURN FIRST
HAPPENED! If patient was brought in 3 hours after burn happened, first half of
fluid must be administered over 5 hours (8-3=5)).
Second half is administered over 16 hours.
,What is/happens in burn shock? - ANSWERSShock, hypovolemic and cellular
shock
Massive fluid shifts into the wound.
Causes a systemic inflammatory response and affect multiple organs.
Why does the zone of hyperemia have inflammation? - ANSWERSDue to
vasodilation which increases blood flow.
Brings leukocytes/nutrients to the area for wound healing
When do systemic changes occur from a burn? - ANSWERSWhen burn covers
>25% of body
What can result from a systemic burn? - ANSWERSShock
What happens in patients with large burn areas and what % of body area? -
ANSWERSEdema throughout the body, even in areas without burns
>30%
What is vasopressin - ANSWERSAn ADH
What is an example of an inflammatory mediator? - ANSWERSTumor necrosis
factor
, What does tumor necrosis factor do? - ANSWERSCauses cellular death
How does a burn >20% put the patient at increased of renal failure? -
ANSWERSDecreased bloodflow as a result of hypovolemia and
vasoconstriction.
What other internal organs are effected by a burn? >20% - ANSWERSKidneys,
liver, and intestines
GI complications are common after what type of burn? - ANSWERSThermal
What is one of the biggest issues with GI complications f/a thermal burn? -
ANSWERSCurlings ulcer
Gastric/duodenal ulcers which leads to hemorrhage
What are the three periods of treatment? How long is each period? -
ANSWERSEmergent. 24-72 hours
Acute. End of emergent period. Ends when full-thickness wounds are covered
with graft or healed.
Rehabilitation/Recovery. Focuses on patient returning to health.
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