12/4/23, .4:44 .P 2 .2023-
M 2024 .NURS .5334 .Pharm .Study .Guide .Quiz .1 .Latest .Update .Best .E…
2023/2024
NURS 5334 .
Pharm Study . .
Guide Quiz 1 L . . .
atest Update B . .
est Exam Solu
. .
tion Graded A . .
+
about:bla 1/83
nk
,12/4/23, .4:44 .P 2 .2023-
M 2024 .NURS .5334 .Pharm .Study .Guide .Quiz .1 .Latest .Update .Best .E…
NURS 5334 PHARM . .
MODULE . 1
• What . are . the . BON . rules . and . regulations . for . prescriptive . authority . f
or .the .advance .practice .nurse?
• Texas . is . very . restricted
• Describe . the . pharmacokinetic . processes . of . absorption, . distribution, .
metabolism . and . elimination . and . how . differences . in . these . areas . affe
ct .drug .action.
• Absorption
• Drug’s . movement . from . the . site . of . administration . into . t
he .blood.
• Distribution
• Drug’s . movement . from . the . blood . into . the . interstitial . spa
ce .of .tissues .and .from .there .into .cells.
• Metabolism
• Biotransformation . is . the . enzymatically . mediated . alteration .
of .drug .structure.
• Elimination
• Combination . of . metabolism . and . excretion
• Discuss . the . impact . of . food . on . drug . absorption, . drug . metabolism . and .
on .drug . toxicity . and . action—
as . well . as . the . timing . of . drug . administration.
LIFESPAN
• Hepatic . metabolism . and . GFR . increase . during . pregnancy, . dosages .
of .some .drugs .may .need .to .be .increased.
• Rate . of . albumin . to . water . decreases
• Third . trimester: . Renal . blood . flow . is . doubled . and . ren
al .excretion .is .accelerated .(drugs . excreted .rapidly)
• Tone . and . mobility . of . bowel . decrease
• Prolongation . of . drug . effects . Total . (½ . life . increases)
Understand . stages . of . development . in . pregnancy
about:bla 2/83
nk
,12/4/23, .4:44 .P 2 .2023-
M 2024 .NURS .5334 .Pharm .Study .Guide .Quiz .1 .Latest .Update .Best .E…
• Conception: . through . week . 2
• Embryonic . period: . week . 3-week . 8
a) Gross . malformations . can . be . produced . by . teratogens
• Fetal . period: . week . 9-delivery
• Understand . pregnancy . labeling
• 3 . categories . now
a) . Pregnancy, . lactation, . male . & . female . reproductive .potent
ial
• How . do . you . decrease . risk . in . the . infant . during . breastfeeding?
• Take . meds . immediately . after . breastfeeding, . avoid . drugs . th
at .have . long . half-
lives, . choose . drugs . that . tend . to . be . excluded .from .milk, .avoi
d . drugs .that .are .known .to .be .hazardous.
• How . do . pediatric . patients . differ . in . their . response . to . medications?
• Absorption
a) Oral?
• Neonates: .drug . remain . in .the .stomach . longer .wh
ich . increases . the . levels, . low . acidity . can . affect .t
he .absorption .of .acid .labile . drugs
b) Parenteral?
• Reponses . are . slow . and . erratic.
• Infancy: . absorption . is . more . rapid . than . in . neonat
es .& .adults
• Best . avoided . in . infants
c) Transdermal?
• Greater . skin . permeability . which . increases .to
pical . drug . absorption . and . increases . the . risk .f
or .toxicity
• Distribution
a) Protein . binding
about:bla 3/83
nk
, 12/4/23, .4:44 .P 2 .2023-
M 2024 .NURS .5334 .Pharm .Study .Guide .Quiz .1 .Latest .Update .Best .E…
1. Neonates: .less .protein-binding—
increased .availability . of . highly . protein . bound . dru
gs . such . as .phenytoin, . diazepam, . and . phenobarbit
al. . Reduced .dosages .needed .in .these .highly .bound
. drugs.
b) Blood . Brain . Barrier
1. Not . fully . developed . at . birth, . drugs . have . eas
y .access . to . the . CNS, . doses . should . be . reduce
d.
• Metabolism
a) Hepatic . function?
1. Liver . hasn’t . reached . full . maturation—
sensitive .to .drugs .eliminated .by .the .CYP450. .Li
ver’s .ability .to .metabolize .drugs .increases .about .
one .month .after .birth.
b) T .half .life
1. Decreased . by . as . much . as . 48-72 . hours
• Excretion
a) Renal?
1. GFR .is .significantly .reduced .at .birth, .drugs .elimi
nated .by .the .kidneys .must .be .given .in .a .reduced .d
osage .and .longer .dosing . intervals.
• What . education . needs . to . be . given . to . parents?
• What . to . do . if . child . spits . out . medication . or . throws . it . up
• Effective . education: . dosage . size . and . timing, . route, . techniq
ue .of .administration, . duration .of . treatment, . how . to .store . the .
drug, . nature . and . time . course . of . the . desired . response, . nature .
and .time .course .of .adverse . reactions.
• Compare .and .contrast .pharmacokinetics .and .pharmacodyna
mics . of . special . populations—pediatrics, . older
about:bla 4/83
nk
M 2024 .NURS .5334 .Pharm .Study .Guide .Quiz .1 .Latest .Update .Best .E…
2023/2024
NURS 5334 .
Pharm Study . .
Guide Quiz 1 L . . .
atest Update B . .
est Exam Solu
. .
tion Graded A . .
+
about:bla 1/83
nk
,12/4/23, .4:44 .P 2 .2023-
M 2024 .NURS .5334 .Pharm .Study .Guide .Quiz .1 .Latest .Update .Best .E…
NURS 5334 PHARM . .
MODULE . 1
• What . are . the . BON . rules . and . regulations . for . prescriptive . authority . f
or .the .advance .practice .nurse?
• Texas . is . very . restricted
• Describe . the . pharmacokinetic . processes . of . absorption, . distribution, .
metabolism . and . elimination . and . how . differences . in . these . areas . affe
ct .drug .action.
• Absorption
• Drug’s . movement . from . the . site . of . administration . into . t
he .blood.
• Distribution
• Drug’s . movement . from . the . blood . into . the . interstitial . spa
ce .of .tissues .and .from .there .into .cells.
• Metabolism
• Biotransformation . is . the . enzymatically . mediated . alteration .
of .drug .structure.
• Elimination
• Combination . of . metabolism . and . excretion
• Discuss . the . impact . of . food . on . drug . absorption, . drug . metabolism . and .
on .drug . toxicity . and . action—
as . well . as . the . timing . of . drug . administration.
LIFESPAN
• Hepatic . metabolism . and . GFR . increase . during . pregnancy, . dosages .
of .some .drugs .may .need .to .be .increased.
• Rate . of . albumin . to . water . decreases
• Third . trimester: . Renal . blood . flow . is . doubled . and . ren
al .excretion .is .accelerated .(drugs . excreted .rapidly)
• Tone . and . mobility . of . bowel . decrease
• Prolongation . of . drug . effects . Total . (½ . life . increases)
Understand . stages . of . development . in . pregnancy
about:bla 2/83
nk
,12/4/23, .4:44 .P 2 .2023-
M 2024 .NURS .5334 .Pharm .Study .Guide .Quiz .1 .Latest .Update .Best .E…
• Conception: . through . week . 2
• Embryonic . period: . week . 3-week . 8
a) Gross . malformations . can . be . produced . by . teratogens
• Fetal . period: . week . 9-delivery
• Understand . pregnancy . labeling
• 3 . categories . now
a) . Pregnancy, . lactation, . male . & . female . reproductive .potent
ial
• How . do . you . decrease . risk . in . the . infant . during . breastfeeding?
• Take . meds . immediately . after . breastfeeding, . avoid . drugs . th
at .have . long . half-
lives, . choose . drugs . that . tend . to . be . excluded .from .milk, .avoi
d . drugs .that .are .known .to .be .hazardous.
• How . do . pediatric . patients . differ . in . their . response . to . medications?
• Absorption
a) Oral?
• Neonates: .drug . remain . in .the .stomach . longer .wh
ich . increases . the . levels, . low . acidity . can . affect .t
he .absorption .of .acid .labile . drugs
b) Parenteral?
• Reponses . are . slow . and . erratic.
• Infancy: . absorption . is . more . rapid . than . in . neonat
es .& .adults
• Best . avoided . in . infants
c) Transdermal?
• Greater . skin . permeability . which . increases .to
pical . drug . absorption . and . increases . the . risk .f
or .toxicity
• Distribution
a) Protein . binding
about:bla 3/83
nk
, 12/4/23, .4:44 .P 2 .2023-
M 2024 .NURS .5334 .Pharm .Study .Guide .Quiz .1 .Latest .Update .Best .E…
1. Neonates: .less .protein-binding—
increased .availability . of . highly . protein . bound . dru
gs . such . as .phenytoin, . diazepam, . and . phenobarbit
al. . Reduced .dosages .needed .in .these .highly .bound
. drugs.
b) Blood . Brain . Barrier
1. Not . fully . developed . at . birth, . drugs . have . eas
y .access . to . the . CNS, . doses . should . be . reduce
d.
• Metabolism
a) Hepatic . function?
1. Liver . hasn’t . reached . full . maturation—
sensitive .to .drugs .eliminated .by .the .CYP450. .Li
ver’s .ability .to .metabolize .drugs .increases .about .
one .month .after .birth.
b) T .half .life
1. Decreased . by . as . much . as . 48-72 . hours
• Excretion
a) Renal?
1. GFR .is .significantly .reduced .at .birth, .drugs .elimi
nated .by .the .kidneys .must .be .given .in .a .reduced .d
osage .and .longer .dosing . intervals.
• What . education . needs . to . be . given . to . parents?
• What . to . do . if . child . spits . out . medication . or . throws . it . up
• Effective . education: . dosage . size . and . timing, . route, . techniq
ue .of .administration, . duration .of . treatment, . how . to .store . the .
drug, . nature . and . time . course . of . the . desired . response, . nature .
and .time .course .of .adverse . reactions.
• Compare .and .contrast .pharmacokinetics .and .pharmacodyna
mics . of . special . populations—pediatrics, . older
about:bla 4/83
nk
