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BOWE 253 Lipid Metabolism MSC PBL WORK BOOK with Accurate Answers Module 5 Complete A $9.99   Add to cart

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BOWE 253 Lipid Metabolism MSC PBL WORK BOOK with Accurate Answers Module 5 Complete A

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BOWE 253 Lipid Metabolism MSC PBL WORK BOOK with Accurate Answers Module 5 Complete A

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BOWE 253 Lipid Metabolism MSC PBL WORK BOOK with
Accurate Answers Module 5 Complete A+ Graded




What are the functions of lipids? - answer1- Major source of energy

2- Major component of cell membranes

3- Biosynthetic precursors

4- Cell signalling (prostaglandins & steroid hormones)

5- Facilitate absorptions of fat-soluble vitamins (eg. A,E,D,K)

6- Protections & insulation



What is the first step of lipid metabolism? - answerDigestion



At which sites of the body can lipids be digested? - answer1- Mouth

2- Stomach

3- Small intestines



What enzyme is involved in the digestion of lipids in the mouth? - answerLingual lipase



What enzyme is involved in the digestion of lipids in the stomach? - answerGastric lipase

,What substance and enzyme are involved in the digestion of lipids in the small intestines? - answer1-
Bile salts

2- Pancreatic lipase



At the small intestines, what does the substance, bile salts, do to the lipids? - answerLipids are
emulsified by the bile salts



Why are lipids emulsified by the bile salts first at the small intestine? - answerTo increase the surface
area, upon which the enzyme, pancreatic lipase, can work on



What does the pancreatic lipase do to the emulsified lipids at the small intestine? - answerPancreatic
lipase can further breakdown (hydrolyse) the emulsified lipids, eg. triglycerides



Where are the bile salts stored? - answerIn the gallbladder



From where is the pancreatic lipase released? - answerPancreas



What is the function of the hormone, cholecystokinin (CCK)? - answerWhen food enters the small
intestine, CCK signals the release of pancreatic lipase and the contraction of the gallbladder, by which
bile salts can be released to emulsify the lipids.



What are the products of digestion/ hydrolysis of triglycerides? - answer1- Fatty acids (3 molecules)

2- Glycerol (1 molecule)



After the breakdown of triglycerides, what is the next step? - answerAbsorption of lipids



What is the first step of lipid absorption? - answer1- Fatty acids and glycerol are emulsified by bile salts
to form micelles

2- Micelles travel through layer of water and enter intestinal epithelial cells

3- At intestinal epithelial cells, fatty acids and glycerol undergo enzymatic reaction at SER, to form
triglycerides

, 4- Triglycerides are combined with proteins at the Golgi apparatus to form chylomicrons (lipoprotein
particles)

5- Chylomicrons enter the lacteal (lymph vessels of small intestine) and are transported away from
intestines



What are chylomicrons? - answerLipoprotein particles



What is the nature of chylomicrons? - answerAmphipathic - polar and non polar



What is the function of chylomicrons? - answerTo transport digested lipids (in the form of recombined
triglycerides) in circulatory system and enter adipose and other tissues



Which step, in lipid metabolism, does lipid absorption fall under? - answer2nd step



What is the nature of lipids? - answerHydrophobic



Due to their hydrophobic nature, how are lipids transported? - answerThe lipids, triglycerides (TAG) and
cholesterol, require special transport proteins = lipoproteins



What are some examples of lipoproteins? - answer1- Chylomicrons

2- Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL)

3- Low density lipoproteins (LDL)



Where do chylomicrons transport lipoproteins? - answerFrom small intestine to rest of the body



What do VLDL carry/ transport? - answerSynthesised TAG



What do LDL carry/ transport? - answerCholesterol



Where do LDL carry/transport cholesterol to? - answerPeripheral tissues

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