Molecular Biology Lewin's Genes XII Chapter 1 Exam Questions With Verified Answers.
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Course
Molecular Biology
Institution
Molecular Biology
Molecular Biology Lewin's Genes XII
Chapter 1 Exam Questions With Verified
Answers.
Chromosome - answerA discrete unit of the genome carrying many genes
Structural gene - answerA gene that encodes any RNA or polypeptide product other than a
regulator.
Allele - answerone of several alternative...
Molecular Biology Lewin's Genes XII
Chapter 1 Exam Questions With Verified
Answers.
Chromosome - answer✔✔A discrete unit of the genome carrying many genes
Structural gene - answer✔✔A gene that encodes any RNA or polypeptide product other than a
regulator.
Allele - answer✔✔one of several alternative forms of a gene occupying a given locus on a
chromosome
Locus - answer✔✔The position on a chromosome at which the gene for a particular trait resides;
it may be occupied by any one of the alleles for the gene
genetic recombination - answer✔✔A process by which separate DNA molecules are joined into
a single molecule, due to such processes as crossing over or transposition.
bacterial transformation - answer✔✔provided the first support that DNA is the genetic material
of bacteria
transforming principle - answer✔✔DNA that is taken up by a bacterium and whose expression
then changes the properties of the recipient cell
Transfection - answer✔✔in eukaryotic cells, the acquisition of new genetic markers by
incorporation of added DNA
Nucleoside - answer✔✔a purine or pyrimidine base linked to the 1' carbon of a pentose sugar
Nucleotide - answer✔✔Consists of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group on either the 5' or 3'
carbon of the (deoxy)ribose
polynucleotide - answer✔✔A polymer consisting of many nucleotide monomers in a chain
joined by a phosphate group between the 3' carbon of one sugar and 5' carbon of the next sugar;
nucleotides can be those of DNA or RNA.
phosphodiester linkage - answer✔✔bond between nucleotides in nucleotide chain to form
polynucleotide
Supercoiling - answer✔✔The coiling of a closed duplex DNA in a space so that it crosses over
its own axis
EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 23, 2024 4:26 PM
, antiparallel - answer✔✔The B-form of DNA is a double helix consisting of two polynucleotide
chains run antiparallel
complementary - answer✔✔base pairs that match up in the pairing reactions in double helical
nucleic acids (A with T in DNA, with U in RNA, and C with G in DNA and in RNA)
overwound - answer✔✔B-form DNA that has more than 10.4 base pairs per turn of the helix
underwound - answer✔✔B-form DNA that has fewer than 10.4 base pairs per turn of the helix
semiconservative replication - answer✔✔DNA replication accomplished by separation of the
strands of a parental duplex, each strand then acting as a template for synthesis of a
complementary strand
denaturation - answer✔✔In DNA, this involves the separation of the two strands due to breaking
of hydrogen bonds between bases
renaturation - answer✔✔The reassociation of denatured complementary single strands of a DNA
double helix
replication fork - answer✔✔the point at which the parental strands are stranded
DNA polymerases - answer✔✔- The enzymes that synthesize DNA
- Recognize template strand and catalyze addition of nucleotide subunits
Helicase - answer✔✔Unwinds DNA
Primase - answer✔✔produces an RNA primer
Ligase - answer✔✔connects discontinuous DNA strands
Nucleases - answer✔✔Enzymes that degrade nucleic acids; they include DNases and RNases
and can be categorized as endonucleases or exonucleases
DNase - answer✔✔degrades DNA
RNase - answer✔✔degrades RNA
endonuclease - answer✔✔cleaves a bond within a nucleic acid
exonuclease - answer✔✔removes bases one at a time by cleaving the last bond in a
polynucleotide chain
Transcription - answer✔✔DNA converted to RNA
Reverse transcription - answer✔✔RNA converted into DNA
RNA polymerase - answer✔✔an enzyme that synthesizes RNA using a DNA template
EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 23, 2024 4:26 PM
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