NSG 310 Exam Questions With Correct
Answers
What is the Left Anterior Descending (LAD) Artery? - answerThe artery that supplies the
left ventricle
Which artery is most commonly involved in myocardial infarction? - answerLAD artery
Where do veins from the upper and lower body enter the heart? -...
What is the Left Anterior Descending (LAD) Artery? - answer✔✔The artery that supplies the
left ventricle
Which artery is most commonly involved in myocardial infarction? - answer✔✔LAD artery
Where do veins from the upper and lower body enter the heart? - answer✔✔The right atrium
Where do veins from the lungs enter the heart? - answer✔✔The left atrium
What is the blood flow pathway of the heart? - answer✔✔1. Veins from the upper body empty
deoxygenated blood into the super vena cava and into the right atrium
2. The atrium pushes the blood through the tricuspid valve where it enters the right ventricle
3. The ventricle pumps the blood up through the pulmonary valve and out of the pulmonary
artery
4. Oxygenated blood from the lungs enters pulmonary veins and goes into the left atrium
5. The blood goes through the mitral valve into the left ventricle
6. The left ventricle pumps the blood into the aorta where it is pumped back out to the body
The pulmonary valve is on which side of the heart? - answer✔✔Right
The tricuspid valve is on which side of the heart? - answer✔✔Right
The mitral valve is on which side of the heart? - answer✔✔Left
The aortic valve is on which side of the heart? - answer✔✔Left
What is the conduction pathway of the heart? - answer✔✔SA node, AV node, Bundle of His,
Perkinje fibers
What happens if there is irregular firing in the heart? - answer✔✔It beats irregularly
What is a bruit? - answer✔✔Turbulent blood flow that produces a whooshing sound; can be
heard with the bell of a stethoscope
What is a murmur? - answer✔✔An abnormal heart sound from the valves not closing properly
EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 26, 2024 9:30 AM
, What is ischemia? - answer✔✔Lack of blood flow causing lack of oxygen
What is intermittent claudication? - answer✔✔Pain when walking that diminishes at rest
True or false? If false, why?
Ischemia cannot be reversed as it leads to cell death - answer✔✔False! Ischemia can be
reversed; it does not mean immediate tissue damage
What is myocardial ischemia? - answer✔✔Reduced blood flow results in insufficient oxygen
levels in the myocardium
What are ischemic events? - answer✔✔Painful events caused by lack of blood flow/oxygen;
symptoms involved pain, dyspnea, and dizziness
Ischemic events occur when the coronary artery is blocked by ___% to ___%, causing
inadequate blood flow/ischemia - answer✔✔50% to 70%
Fill in the blanks regarding myocardial ischemia and plaque.
Atherosclerotic plaque builds in a(n) _____ artery. As it ages, it _____ and becomes fragile. A
piece breaks off and _____ downstream, lodging into a(n) _____. This obstructs blood flow to
the ______ [<-- choose: distal, proximal, medial, or lateral] ______ tissue - answer✔✔Coronary;
calcifies; embolizes; arteriole; distal; myocardial
What is collateral circulation? - answer✔✔The development of new vessels in the heart that
compensate for loss of circulation/ischemia due to an obstructed artery
What chemical allows for collateral circulation to occur? - answer✔✔VEGF (vascular
endothelial growth factor)
When an artery is blocked, VEGF causes which type of blood vessel to surround the original
blockage, compensating for the obstruction? - answer✔✔Arterioles
If an artery is obstructed or damaged, what areas of the body are at risk? - answer✔✔Any
tissue/organ that that artery supplies (due to lack of O2)
What are the two forms of Acute Coronary Syndrome? - answer✔✔Unable angina (UA) and
myocardial infarction (MI)
What is angina pectoris? - answer✔✔Pain in the chest that occurs when there is lack of blood
flow to the myocardium (myocardial ischemia)
Is angina reversible or irreversible? - answer✔✔Reversible
EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 26, 2024 9:30 AM
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