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Biology 104 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
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Biology 104 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
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Biology 104 Exam 1 Questions andAnswers
Cells - Answer -Fundamental unit of life is the cell - all living things are made up of cells
Tissues - Answer -Similarly specialized cells that perform a common function
Organs - Answer -Similarly specialized tissues that perform a common function
Levels of Biological Organization I - Answer -1.) Cellular - nerve cell
2.) Organelle - mitochondria, chloroplast, nucleus
3.) Molecular - water, glucose, DNA
4.) Atomic - hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen
5,) Subatomic - protons, neutrons, electrons
Levels of Biological Organization II - Answer -1.) Organismal - animal
2.) Organ System - nervous system
3.) Organ - brain
4.) Tissue - nervous tissue
Levels of Biological Organization III - Answer -1.) Biosphere - earth's surface
2.) Ecosystem - all animals and grass etc.
3.) Community - animals, a group
4.) Population - a herd of pronghorns
Cellular Organization - Answer -Fundamental unit of life is the cell - all living are made
up of cells
Metabolism - Answer -Living things take up energy rich materials and give out waste to
environment. Some energy fuels life processes some accumulates and is released after
death.
Selective Response - Answer -Living things respond selectively to stimulation in the
environment . Organisms recognize certain chemicals as nutrients while ignoring others.
Homeostasis - Answer -Living systems have some capacity to change harmful
conditions into conditions more favorable to their continuing existence - the conversion
of chemical compounds.
Growth and Biosynthesis - Answer -Living systems go through phases during which
they make more of their own material.
,Genetic Material - Answer -Living systems contain genetic material (DNA and RNA) to
allow inherited traits.
Production - Answer -Living systems can reproduce & pass on genetic material.
Population Structure - Answer -Organism form populations. Of these organism capable
of sexual processes, a population is all those organisms that can interbreed with one
another.
Scientific Method - Answer -1.) Observation
2.) Hypothesis
3.) Experiment/Observation
4.) Conclusion
5.) Theory
Paradigms - Answer -It includes a strong belief in the truth of one or more theories and
shared opinions as to what problems are important and unimportant. What techniques
and research methods are useful.
Paradigm Shift - Answer -Better technologies and scientific instruments lead scientists
to look and old data in a different way. Younger scientists look at old data in a new way.
In this way ideas and definitions of theories alter over time an new data is collected and
explained.
Old Paradigm - Answer -Folk ideas, bad humors, bad air or water, evil spirits.
Competing paradigms include: Darwinism, mutantionism, population
New Paradigm - Answer -Darwinism, Classical Mendelian genetics, Germ Theory of
Disease, Modern Evolutionary Theory
Antibiotics - Answer -Penicillin, doxy, etc.
Vaccines - Answer -Polio, measles, smallpox, etc.
Cell Biology - Answer -Cancer research, etc.
Genetics - Answer -Basis for disease, etc.
Physics - Answer -Electricity, etc.
Engineering - Answer -Roads, bridges, buildings, planes, trains, bikes, etc.
Fermentation - Answer -Civilzation. Q, this is that egg thing. Brenna think of kimchi.
Needed fermentation for things like beer because they didn't have clean water. Beer
saves lives.
, Biological Warfare - Answer -Anthrax letters, airborne poison, etc.
Nuclear Weapons - Answer -Does North Korea really have them? Yes.
Genome - Answer -Insurance issues, selecting your offspring
Ethical Thinking - Answer -Is an experiment moral and right? Would you park in a
handicapped space?
Example: Nuclear power. What is the risk? It's beneficial, but at what cost? Look at
Chernobyl.
Experiments without Consent - Answer -Humans as test subjects. 1932 Tuskegee
Syphilis Study: 200 African-American men infected with syphilis and are denied
treatment.
Informed Consent - Answer -Get the person's permission before experimenting on
them. Make sure they know what they are getting into and how they will be affected, etc.
Thalidomide - Gender Bias - Answer -Drug preventing morning sickness that was never
tested on women. Led to a generation of deformities in children. Structure is similar to
that of the DNA purine bases adenine (A) and guanine (G). It gets into g-rich promoter
regions and stops the production of proteins and blocks the development of the limb
buds in children. It is still used today in cancer treatments.
Gene Expression - Answer -Highly regulated by promoters, enhancers and repressors.
Genetically Modified Crops????????? - Answer -Issues:
Destroying ecosystems and altering nature.Sucks for vegetarians, religious dietary laws,
cross pollination, and human health.
Matter - Answer -Anything that takes up space.
Element - Answer -Substance composed of one type of atom.
Atom - Answer -Smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical and physical
properties of that element.
Neutron - Answer -Atomic particle with one mass unit and no charge.
Proton - Answer -Atomic particle with one mass unit and a positive charge.
Electron - Answer -Atomic particle with a negative charge and 'no' mass.
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