Penn Foster Veterinary Pharmacology Final
Exam Questions And Answers. Verified and
Updated.
Describe how drugs affect the nervous system - answer✔✔Drugs affect the nervous system by
acting at the synaptic junctions to promote neurotransmitter's activity, mimic their actions, or
block them from acting.
Identify examples of respiratory drugs - answer✔✔Expectorants, mucolytics, antitussives,
bronchodilators, decongestants
List which drugs are used to relieve pain and inflammation - answer✔✔NSAIDs, Opioids,
Antihistamines, muscle relaxers, steroids, nerve blocks
Summarize the difference between ophthalmic and otic drugs - answer✔✔Ophthalmic drugs are
used for the eyes
Otic drugs are used for the ears
Describe how antiparasitic drugs work - answer✔✔Antiparasitic drugs work by destroying
parasites or inhibiting their growth. Most work by interfering with the parasite's nervous system
to prevent them from moving.
Agonist - answer✔✔Drug that has affinity for a receptor/stimulates receptor into action
Contraindications - answer✔✔A reason not to use a drug in a particular situation
Efficacy - answer✔✔the degree to which a drug produces its desired response.
Over-The-Counter (OTC) drug - answer✔✔One that may be purchased without prescription
from a veterinarian
Prescription Drug - answer✔✔One that must be used under the supervision of a veterinarina
Receptor - answer✔✔a group of specialized molecules on or in a cell that bind with a drug to
produce an effect
Therapeutic Index - answer✔✔expresses the relationship between a drug's therapeutic and
harmful effects
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,Withdrawl Time - answer✔✔Amount of time that must elapse between the end of drug therapy
and elimination of that drug from patients tissues or products
Veterinarian-client-patient relationship - answer✔✔Relationship that must exist between the vet,
the patient, and the owner before prescription drugs can be dispensed.
List 4 sources of drugs used in Vet Med - answer✔✔Animal product, plant material, minerals,
synthetic products
What are 4 components of a drug regimen? - answer✔✔Dose, route, frequency, and duration of
administration.
Discuss the conditions that must be met before a valid veterinarian-client-patient relationship can
be shown to exist - answer✔✔1. Vet must assume responsibility for making clinical judgments
in relation to health of the animal.
2. Vet must have recently seen the animal and be acquainted with it's care.
3.Vet must be available for follow-up care of the animal
List 11 possible routes for administering a drug to a patient. - answer✔✔Oral, subcutaneous,
intramuscular, intravenous, intraperitoneal, intraarterial, intracardiac, intramedullary, inhalation,
topical, intradermal
List some of the factors that influence drug absorption - answer✔✔Method of absorption, pH of
the drug and ionization status, absorptive surface area, blood supply to area, solubility of drug,
dosage form, status of GI tract, and interactions with other drugs
Most biotransformation occurs in the_____ - answer✔✔Liver
Most drug excretion occurs via the ______ - answer✔✔Kidneys
Drugs usually produce their effects by combining with specific cellular_____ -
answer✔✔Receptors
The drug name chosen by the manufacturer and is exclusive property of that company is called -
answer✔✔Trade/Proprietary Name
What are the 6 items that must be included on drug label? - answer✔✔names (generic and trade)
concentration, quantity, name and address of manufacturer, control or lot number, expiration date
What are three government agencies that regulate the development, approval, and use of animal
health products? - answer✔✔FDA, EPA, USDA
Why do many vet clinics dispense rather than prescribe most of the drugs that they use? -
answer✔✔Profit earned from selling products
EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 24, 2024 1:33:58 PM
,Describe the marketing of animal health products - answer✔✔Purchased from manufacturers,
distributors, or generic mail order companies. May be sold only one label to graduate
veterinarians and under another as over-the-counter
All FDA-approved veterinary drugs are listed in the publication entitled_____ - answer✔✔The
Green Book
What is the purpose of FARAD? - answer✔✔Provides resources concerning the avoidance of
drug residues in animals
FARAD - answer✔✔Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank
Extralabel veterinary drug use was made legal (under prescribed circumstances) by what act of
congress? - answer✔✔Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA)
Compounding - answer✔✔Diluting or combining existing drugs
What are potential dangers of residues in animal products - answer✔✔May cause allergic
reaction or neoplasia in people, may cause the development of antibiotic-resistant strains of
bacteria
List 3 classes of drug interactions - answer✔✔Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and
pharmaceutic
Drug interaction can be anticipated when two drugs are given that are both metabolized by
the_____ - answer✔✔Liver
Ethical Product - answer✔✔one sold only through veterinarians as a policy of the manufacturer
rather than by FDA requirement
Once a drug has been biotransformed, it is called a_____ - answer✔✔Metabolite
A reason to use a drug is a(n)_____ - answer✔✔Indication
Diagnostic method of choosing a drug is based on all of the following except
a. Practical experience
b. Assesment of the patient
c. Obtaining a history
d. Performing lab tests - answer✔✔A. Practical experience.
Extralabel - answer✔✔Using a drug in a way not specified by the label
Complex sequence of events that occurs after a drug is administered is called____ -
answer✔✔Pharmacokinetics
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, Parenteral drugs are administered________ - answer✔✔by injections.
The body's ability to change a drug chemically from the form in which it was administered into a
form that can be eliminated from the body is called_____ - answer✔✔Metabolism
(biotransformation)
Degree to which a drug produces its desired response in a patient is called________ -
answer✔✔efficacy
An adverse drug reaction is always life-threatening. T/F? - answer✔✔False
List the six practices recommended by the AVMA for the safe disposal of unwanted drugs. -
answer✔✔1.Incinerate when possible
2.Send to landfill when incinerated
3.Never flush down drain or toilet
4.Maintain close inventory control
5.Follow state and federal guidelines
6.Educate clients on proper disposal techniques.
Name 4 common Drug Preparations - answer✔✔Drugs for oral administration, drugs for
parenteral administration, drugs for inhalation, and drugs for topical use.
name two types of parenteral injection forms - answer✔✔injections, implants
Vials may be either ___ dose or ___ dose - answer✔✔single-, multi-
All needles should be discarded in a _____ - answer✔✔sharps container
Name the 6 rights of drug administration - answer✔✔right patient
right drug
right dose
right route
right time and frequency
right documentation
Oral drugs should never be adminsitered in animals that are - answer✔✔Vomiting
Intravenous administration of drugs allows the most _____ and effective administration -
answer✔✔Rapid
An indwelling catheter should be replaced with a new one every ____ hours - answer✔✔72
EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 24, 2024 1:33:58 PM
