Acronyms: SGD
~ Speech Generating Device
Acronyms: SLP
~ Speech Language Pathologist
Acronyms: SMA
~ Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Acronyms: TBI
~ Traumatic Brain Injury
Acronyms: USB
~ Universal Serial Bus
Acronyms: WHO
~ World Health Organization
Acronyms: AAC
~ Augmentative and Alternativ...
Individuals with severe dysarthia, aphasia, and apraxia who might be unable to
meet communication needs that arise in their daily activities would use what
category of device to assist with communication?
✓✓✓✓~ Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) devices.
Dysarthria
✓✓✓✓~ Difficult or unclear articulation of speech that is otherwise linguistically normal.
Characterized by weakness, slowness, and lack of coordination in the muscles
needed for speech
Aphasia
✓✓✓✓~ Loss of ability to understand or express speech, caused by brain damage. Stems
from neuromuscular conditions such as CP, ALS, TBI, CVA
Apraxia
,✓✓✓✓~ Inability to perform particular purposeful actions, as a result of brain damage.
stems from the CNS.
example: "dressing apraxia"
What are the three categories of Augmentative and Alternative Communication
(AAC) devices that have distinct technological and functional characteristics?
✓✓✓✓~ 1. AAC devices with digitized speech output
2. AAC devices with synthesized speech output, which require message
formulation by spelling and device access by physical contact direct selection
techniques
3. AAC devices with synthesized speech output, which permit multiple methods
of message formulation and multiple methods of device access.
Is digitized or synthesized speech more natural sounding?
✓✓✓✓~ In terms of the qualitative aspects of the speech signal (pitch, resonance, and
melody), digitized speech is more natural sounding than synthesized speech
because it is a time sampled replication of actual human speech.
, What are some of the fundamental components of AAC Devices with Digitized
Speech Output?
✓✓✓✓~ Although digitized devices vary in physical dimensions, storage capacity and
access methods, their fundamental components include a microphone, a series of
filters, and a digital-to-analog converter.
What does a 'whole message' digitized AAC device refer to?
✓✓✓✓~ A 'whole message' digitized speech device can provide the user with an entire
phrase, sentence, or message that can be accessed by a single selection on an AAC
device. Individuals who do not have the linguistic capacity to formulate messages
independently; who have cognitive or language impairments; and who are unable to
generate messages through spelling and/or word-by-word message development
(such as those with severe aphasia due to cortical stroke) typically require such a
device.
What does a Synthesized speech AAC device do?
✓✓✓✓~ A device which can translate the user's input into machine-generated speech using
algorithms representing linguistic rules, including rules for pronunciation,
pronunciation exceptions, voice inflections, and accents of the language.
What makes a Synthesized speech AAC device an 'open' system?
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