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Essay Plans - Politics - Aqa With Complete Solutions Latest Update
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Essay Plans - Politics - Aqa With Complete SolutionsLatest Update
9 MARKERS - GOVERNMENT AND UK POLITICS
Explain and analyse three circumstances under which referendums have been held
in the UK. P1 - TO FULFIL PLEDGES MADE BY PARTY MANIFESTOS
E1 - Labour in 1997, promised to hold a referendum on a mayor of LONDON. 2015
Tories said they would hold an IN/OUT ref on the EU
P2 - TO SATISFY TERMS OF AN AGREEMENT
E2 - AV in 2011, Lib Dem/Coalition Agreement
P3 - WHERE GOV ITSELF IS DIVIDED
E3 - EU Referendum (2016) with parliament and other members of the
government e.g Boris Johnson BREXIT - Also to fight off UKIP
Explain and analyse three influences upon individual MPs when voting in the
House of Commons. POINT 1:- Party Whip, issues instructions on how MPs should
vote on a weekly basis- a three line whip is a strict instruction to attend and vote
according to the party line
EXAMPLE 1:- Boris Johnson's expelled multiple rebel Conservative MPs because
they voted against the whip and voted against a no-deal Brexit
,ANALYSIS 1:- a Party Whip influences MPs largely when voting in the House of
Commons because the consequence of voting against the whip is disciplinary
action, which could end in expulsion
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POINT 2:- Constituency representation, MPs represent everybody in their
constituency
EXAMPLE 2:- Jeremy Corbyn represents everyone in Islington North
ANALYSIS 2:- in the delegate model of voting, some people view MPs and some
MPs act as a mouthpiece for their constituents, therefore they will vote along with
what their constituents want, further influencing them.
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POINT 3 :- Public responsibility, where constituents trust their MP to make the
right decision and vote for what they feel is best, not the mandate model
EXAMPLE 3:- free Labour vote over Syrian air strikes
ANALYSIS 3:- MPs may feel pressured to vote for what is right and go against what
the party or their constituents want, therefore influencing them.
, Explain and analyse three ways in which judicial independence is upheld in the UK.
Judicial independence: this is the principle that the actions and decisions of
judges should not be influenced by pressure from other branches of government.
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p1: Judges are chosen by an independent commission, and only 'signed off' by the
Lord Chancellor
p2: Once appointed, judges can't be sacked unless they break the law, so they
can't be threatened with removal for making the 'wrong' decision
p3: Judges' pay is decided by an independent pay review body, without
interference from ministers
Explain and analyse three long-term factors, other than class, that can influence
voting behaviour. p1: Ethnicity - The Labour Party has tended to benefit more
from the votes of people from ethnic minority groups. most ethnic minority groups
experience lower income levels and higher unemployment compared to white
groups, therefore ethnic minority support for Labour could be due to social class.
In the 2019 general election the Conservatives secured only 20% of the ethnic
minority vote whereas Labour secured 64%.
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p2: Gender - Although there is little overall difference between the way men and
women vote, electoral statistics show that in the 2019 general election, marginally
more men voted for the Conservatives across most age and social classes, than
women. Men, on the other hand, tend to earn more on average than women and
as a result may be more attracted to Conservative policies of lower taxation.
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