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Cogs 100 Correct Answers Latest Update
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Cogs 100 Correct Answers Latest Update
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Cogs 100 Correct Answers Latest UpdatePhilosophy is -ANS>The oldest area of study, a theoretical discipline.
Philosophy Approach -ANS>Define problems, raise questions
Branches of Philosophy -ANS>Metaphysics and Epistemology
Metaphysics -ANS>Traditional branch, explores mind-body problem
Epistemology -ANS>Study of knowledge, explores acquisition and representation
of knowledge
Philosophy Methods -ANS>Logic and Reasoning; Deductive, Inductive and
Abductive Logic
Deductive Logic -ANS>Assertion given the facts - Ie. "The bus arrives at the stop at
2pm -> It is 2pm now -> The bus will arrive at the bus stop now"
Inductive Logic -ANS>Generalization of observations - 'I have seen 7 swans that are
white -> All swans are white'
,Abductive Logic -ANS>Explanation drawn from facts - 'Laurie is not in class. If
Laurie is sick, she does not come to class -> Laurie may be sick' (not definitive)
Common Philosophy Problems -ANS>1. The mind-body problem
2. The knowledge acquisition problem
3. Consciousness
The Mind-Body problem -ANS>What is mind? Relationship between mind and
body - the seeming incompatibility between physical properties of the brain and
the mental(abstract) qualities of the mind.
Philosophical Positions -ANS>Monism, Dualism, Functionalism
Monism -ANS>Single Entity: Idealism & Physicalism
Idealism -ANS>Everything is mental (Ames room
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ttd0YjXF0no)
Physicalism -ANS>Everything is physical; Identity Theory -> Mind is the brain
Dualism -ANS>Separate Entity: Classical, Substance, & Property Dualism
Classical Dualism -ANS>Mind Controls the body
,Substance Dualism -ANS>Mind and body are made of two separate substances
Property Dualism -ANS>Mind and body are made of the same stuff but have
different properties
Functionalism -ANS>Mental states are not only physical states but the functioning
or operation of those physical states
The Knowledge Acquisition Problem -ANS>How do we acquire knowledge?
Nativism, Rationalism, Empiricism, Associationism
Nativism -ANS>Born with knowledge
Rationalism -ANS>We have both innate knowledge and use reasoning to build new
knowledge
Empiricism -ANS>Knowledge is acquired through experience
Associationism -ANS>Simple ideas are acquired unconsciously and complex ideas
are learned by reflection
Types of Knowledge -ANS>Declarative, Procedural
, Declarative Knowledge -ANS>Facts that are acquired by observation (Probably not
innate)
Procedural Knowledge -ANS>Can be both acquired and innate. Ie. Smell
preference and reflex is innate. How to fix a bike or computer programming skills
are learned through experiences and observation.
Consciousness Definitions -ANS>1. Conscious as opposed to being asleep or in a
coma (unconscious)
2. Consciousness as one's own individual private mental life (opposite
subconscious)
3. Being conscious of various aspects of one's existence, actions and environment
as awareness influences behaviour
Conscious in relation to awareness -ANS>Conscious =/= Awareness. Awareness is
considered a prerequisite for consciousness One is difficult to define without the
other.
Aware -ANS>Knowledgeable about surrounding
Consciousness/Awareness Example -ANS>You are in a region where a sudden
outbreak of a plague occurs. You are aware of the disease and its possible
outcomes.
Are you conscious as well? How would it impact you?
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