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PSYC 388- FINAL EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
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PSYC 388- FINAL EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
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PSYC 388- FINAL EXAM 2024/2025 WITH100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
List 5 factors that influenced the development of counselling in Canada
since the 1960s. - Precise Answer ✔✔- There was a shift to group
therapy in the 60s
- In the 90s, there was a focus on counselling issues related to the whole
person.
-Canadian guidance Counsellor's association was created in 1965.
-Counselling became a distinct profession in the 1980s.
-The first counselling section was formed by CPA in 1986. This was
important because it distinguished counselling from other psychological
professions.
-In 1989, CPA established accreditation criteria for their doctoral
program in counselling.
E.G. Williamson - Precise Answer ✔✔Created the first counselling
theory in the 1930s.
Clifford Beers - Precise Answer ✔✔He was hospitalized for mental
illness. He advocated for better treatment of patients and for better
mental health facilities.
Frank Parsons - Precise Answer ✔✔Founder of vocational guidance
,Carl Rogers - Precise Answer ✔✔Had a humanistic view; developed
person-centered therapy.
Albert Ellis - Precise Answer ✔✔Developed rational emotive therapy.
It's a type of cognitive therapy that focuses on changing the client's
irrational beliefs.
Eric Berne - Precise Answer ✔✔Father of transactional analysis. Said
there are 3 ego states: the child, the adult, and the parent.
Aaron Beck - Precise Answer ✔✔Pioneer in cognitive therapy. His
method helps patients identify automatic thoughts and reactions, and
helps them develop more beneficial reactions.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Precise Answer ✔✔(level 1)
Physiological Needs, (level 2) Safety and Security, (level 3)
Relationships, Love and Affection, (level 4) Self Esteem, (level 5) Self
Actualization
Diff between Canada and US in counselling - Precise Answer
✔✔Counselling in USA grew out of professional psychology; in Canada
grew out of educational psychology.
1980s counselling also changed because of - Precise Answer
✔✔attention to gender issues and sexual preferences, feminist theory,
renewed emphasis on moral development, challenges of working with
different ethnic and cultural groups.
,Lawrence Kohlberg - Precise Answer ✔✔moral development; presented
boys moral dilemmas and studied their responses and reasoning
processes in making moral decisions. Most famous moral dilemma is
"Heinz" who has an ill wife and cannot afford the medication. Should he
steal the medication and why?
Wellness Mode --2000 - Precise Answer ✔✔Wellness Mode --2000
Describe how the vocational guidance movement in public schools, and
later in Canadian colleges and universities, contributed to the growth of
the profession of counselling in Canada. - Precise Answer
✔✔Counsellors and guidance counsellors started to replace teachers in
schools in areas of testing and counselling. School boards begin hiring
full-time counsellors as a result of the rising popularity of Rogers'
humanistic approach. Counselling became to be seen as a crucial part of
schools and should be its own profession.
An important difference between psychiatrists and other allied mental
health professionals is: - Precise Answer ✔✔their ability to provide and
monitor psychotropic medication
Guidance deals with ___. counselling deals with ___ - Precise Answer
✔✔choice; change
Good qualities for effective counsellor (12) - Precise Answer
✔✔Curiosity,
, ability to listen,
empathy,
comfort with conversation,
emotional intelligence,
introspection,
capacity for self-denial,
comfort with power,
ability to laugh,
monitor own biases,
ask for clarification,
explore racial and cultural differences
Bad reasons for becoming a counsellor (6) - Precise Answer ✔✔1.
Emotional distress,
2. Vicarious coping,
3. loneliness,
4. Desire for Power,
5. Need for love,
6. Vicarious rebellion
identify the symptoms of burnout, describe its treatment, and identify
ways to prevent it. - Precise Answer ✔✔state of becoming emotionally
or physically drained to the point that one cannot perform functions
meaningfully.
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