Exam (elaborations)
DXI ABDOMEN EXAM
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Exam of 8 pages for the course DXI ABDOMEN at DXI ABDOMEN (DXI ABDOMEN EXAM...)
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DXI ABDOMEN EXAMWhat is the most likely vessel to calcify - ANSWER Abdominal Aorta
What flexure of the colon is found on the left side of the body - ANSWER Splenic
Flexure
What flexure of the colon is found on the right side of the body - ANSWER
Hepatic Flexure
What kind of pathology can mimic hepatomegaly? How is it differentiated? -
ANSWER Riedel Lobe which is tongue-shaped and not as dense as hepatomegaly
Which organ is most likely to be injured in the abdominal cavity - ANSWER
Spleen
What test is used to inspect renal flow on a radiograph - ANSWER Intravenous
pyelogram (IVP)
What test is used to inspect the intestines on a radiograph - ANSWER Barium
study
T/F Extra-luminal gas is normal - ANSWER False, intra-luminal gas is normal
What is the the maximal diameter of the large bowel - ANSWER 6cm
The small bowel should be no bigger than - ANSWER 3cm
Other than size how can large and small bowel be differentiated - ANSWER Large
bowel does not transverse all the way across, resembles a picture frame
What is the rule of 3 in the small bowel - ANSWER Lumen >3cm
Folds >3 mm apart
3 air fluid levels
What is the most common cause of small bowel obstruction - ANSWER Adhesions
or hernias which are mechanical
, What is it called when the bowel is blocked due to surging of the sympathetic
nervous system (non-mechanical) - ANSWER Paralytic ileus
What is an AKA for extra-luminal gas - ANSWER Pneumoperitoneum
What kind of calcification is m/c? What is its cause - ANSWER Dystrophic
Calcification 95-98% d/t abnormal tissues not serum Ca++
Metastatic calcification is rare but d/t?
List an example of pathology that could lead to this - ANSWER High serum Ca++
not tissues. This could be from hyperparathyroidism, renal failure or milk-alkali
syndrome
What is Milk-Alkali syndrome - ANSWER triad of hypercalcemia, metabolic
alkalosis and renal insufficiency.
What is Monckeberg arteriosclerosis? - ANSWER Calcification of the tunica media
What can cause Monckeberg arteriosclerosis? - ANSWER common in advanced
age, diabetes or chronic renal disease
How does Monckeberg arteriosclerosis effect the lumen - ANSWER Leaves lumen
patent
Dystrophic calcification includes? - ANSWER stone formations, atherosclerosis,
calcified masses
What are the patterns of calcification in the abdomen - ANSWER Conduit wall
Cyst wall
Mass
Concretion
What is a conduit wall calcification?
How will it appear and where is it seen at? - ANSWER Will block a pipe or
channel (vascular flow) and appear as parallel tracts of calcium.
Commonly seen in the aorta, common iliac artery, splenic artery and vas deferens
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