BIOD121 FINAL
1. Name the key hormone that Ghrelin is produced by the stomach and
causes a feeling of hunger. In- travels to the brain to stimulate the hunger
dicate where in the body it is center as it deactivates the satiety center.
produced and the process by
which it operates.
2. Name the four types of external 1. Sensory ex. smell
forces that influence our eating 2. Cognitive ex. advertising
habits and patterns and give 3. Environmental ex. economics
an example of how you experi- 4. Health Status ex. age
ence each in your life.
3. An individual's health can be A - Athropometrics- measurements of
assessed using the ABCDE's body composition such as height and
of nutritional assessment. Be- weight
low, indicate what each letter B - Biochemical- measurement of nutrients
represents. in blood, urine and feces
C - Clinical - physical exam and general ap-
pearance, of the skin, eyes, tongue, teeth,
throat, blood pressure, and mobility.
D - Dietary- review of dietary intake and
assessment
E is Environmental. It reviews a person's
living conditions as well as their back-
ground history, which included medical his-
tory, medication review, social history and
so on.
4. Describe in detail the role that When we have not eaten for a period of
the hypothalamus plays in de- time, the amount of nutrients in the blood
termining whether or not you begin to decline. This drop stimulates the
feel like eating. feeding center in the hypothalamus which
signals us to eat.
When the nutrient level of the blood begin
to rise, the satiety center is activated and
our desire to continue to eat declines.
5. Name the key hormone that Leptin is produced by the fat cells which
causes a feeling of satiety. In- are also known as adipose tissue. The role
, BIOD121 FINAL
dicate where in the body it is of leptin is to alert the brain to turn off
produced and the process by the hunger center and activate the satiety
which it operates. center when consuming a meal.
6. There are six classes of nutri- Protein, fat, mineral and water
ents. Name four that provide
structure.
7. There are six classes of nutri- Proteins, fat, vitamins, minerals and water
ents. Name four that regulate
body processes.
8. MyPlate illustrates 3 concepts. Balance, variety and moderation
Name the concepts.
9. According to the Dietary 1. Meet nutritional needs primarily from nu-
Guidelines 2020-2025, three trient dense foods and beverages
key dietary principles of the Di- 2. Choose a variety of options from each
etary Guidelines are food group
3. Pay attention to portion size
10. There are six classes of nutri- Carbohydrates, Protein, Fats, Water
ents. Name three that are con-
sidered macronutrients.
11. Explain the differences be- Hunger is the internal drive to find and eat
tween hunger and appetite. food. It is often experienced as a negative
sensation.
Appetite is the external drive that encour-
ages us to find and eat food. It is related to
pleasant sensations associated with food.
12. Multiple Choice: Taste; texture
_____ and _____ are often the
2 most important reasons spe-
cific foods are consumed in
North America.
13. health; disease
, BIOD121 FINAL
Nutrition is the science that
links foods to _____ and
______.
14. You are at an "all you can 1. As the stomach is filled and stretches,
eat'' buffet. On the first pass hormones are released that cause satiety
through the line, you fill your (Leptin, serotonin, cholecystokinin (CCK).
plate with a large quantity of 2. These hormones can travel to the brain
foods. After eating it, you go (hypothalamus) and activate the satiety
back for a second portion of center.
the foods you liked. Howev-
er, the food is less appealing
the second time around, and
you place a smaller quanti-
ty on your plate because you
feel full. Considering the phys-
iology as you eat, (1) explain
what hormones are released
(list specifically) as the stom-
ach stretches. (2) List the area
of the brain that provides neur-
al regulation and appetite sup-
pression to inhibit eating.
15. True or false. If false, explain FALSE: Nutrients promote growth and de-
why it is false. velopment, maintain tissues and cells, fuel
the body for physical and metabolic work,
Minerals promote growth and and regulate body processes.
development, maintain tissues OR
and cells, fuel the body for A mineral is an inorganic micronutrient that
physical and metabolic work, regulates body processes and provides
and regulate body processes. structure.
16. A ______ is needed in large Macronutrient; micronutrients
amounts in the body, where-
as ______ are needed in small
amounts.
17. Which is an inorganic Water
macronutrient?
, BIOD121 FINAL
18. List (A) the building blocks (or
monomers) of PROTEINS, (B)
at least 2 of their functions, and
(C) at least 2 common sources
of the nutrient in the diet.
19. List (A) the building blocks (or A. Amino acids
monomers) of PROTEINS, (B) B. Energy source, structure and regulation
at least 2 of their functions, and C. Meats, dairy products, legumes, vegeta-
(C) at least 2 common sources bles, and grains
of the nutrient in the diet.
20. Write the definition of a calorie A calorie is the amount of heat needed to
(as used in the general term). raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by
1 degree Celsius.
21. You bring your teenage Nutrient-dense foods are those with a high
nephew to lunch at the mall amount of vitamins and minerals, along
food court. He decides to get with the macronutrients that can be used
a soda and bag of chips. You as fuel.
suggest he also try a vegetable Empty calorie foods are high in calories but
and rice bowl as a more nutri- contain little vitamins or minerals, so they
ent dense option. How would have lower nutrient value.
you explain the difference be-
tween nutrient dense and emp-
ty calorie foods to him?
22. Read the paragraph below fill- A. Desirable nutrition
ing in the blanks with the terms B. Overnutrition
used to describe nutritional C. Undernutrition
status. D. Malnutrition
When a person eats a vari-
ety of foods that provide all of
the essential nutrients to sup-
port normal body functions,
the nutritional state is called
__A__. When a person con-
sumes an excess of calories
