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Summary Essay plan for Ecologism
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PLAN: to what extent is ecologism a clear rejection of anthropocentrism?Introduction
Very little agreement
Only agree that the environment should be so commodified
Vary in radicality
Paragraph 1 - deep green
Reject anthropocentrism in all its forms - as it believes in strong sustainability, environmental consciousness
and eco-centrism
Eco-centrism and anthropocentrism are diametrically opposed - the Earth has inherent value
Biocentric equality
Aldo Leopold
The human race 'hammered the artefacts called civilisation'
The land ethic - humans should accept that the land does not belong to them - commodified for monetary
value - Gila Wilderness in New Mexico
Bio spherical egalitarianism - minimal impact (Holism)
Rachel Carson
The silent spring which altered environmental consciousness, need for enlightened holistic environmental
consciousness
Anthropocentric consumerism and industrialism - gods of profit and production
Schumacher: 'should see ourselves as a part rather than estranged from nature'
Paragraph 2 - social ecology
Argues that environmental degradation is linked to specific social constructs that must be overturned so that
radical ecological change can occur.
Agreement with deep green - rejection of anthropocentrism in all its forms
Environmental consciousness can only be achieved after the removal of the patriarchy/capitalism/the state
Eco socialism disagrees with green capitalism
Murray Bookchin: Small communities ran with an egalitarian ethos, redistribution of wealth
Carolyn Merchant:
Blames enlightenment ideas of Bacon
Only be the patriarchy being overthrown can a egalitarian relationship be facilitated.
The death of nature - triumph of science over nature, akin to death
Paragraph 3 - shallow green
Stewardship instead of holism - enlightened anthropocentrism - reformist in nature
Focus on environmental ethics - animal liberation (Peter Singer), obligation to future generations (Derek
Parfit)
Environmental consciousness is single issue based - banning pesticides, offsetting things etc.
Managerialism - regulate society and he economy on an international level - deep green would say this is
weak sustainability
Government tax breaks, UN sponsored more than 300 sustainable projects, green capitalism
Disagreement with deep green - shallow green stewardship (Carolyn Merchant says this is hubristic)
General rationalistic enlightenment thinkers disagree - dominion over nature
Deep green - want to end the industrialism paradigm
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