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Samenvatting - Mens en organisatie (TEW) (D0T19A), geslaagd in 1e zit!
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Mens en organisatieInhoud
Inleiding: introductie tot organiseren.....................................................................................................4
1. Terminologie...................................................................................................................................4
2. Superieure resultaten.....................................................................................................................5
3. Risico’s bij slecht organiseren.........................................................................................................5
4. Kernaspecten omtrent organiseren................................................................................................5
Thema 1: structuur.................................................................................................................................6
1. De mechanistische organisatie.......................................................................................................6
1.1 Oorsprong v/d mechanistische organisatie..............................................................................6
1.2 Kenmerken van de mechanistische organisatie........................................................................8
1.3 Voordelen van mechanistische organisatie..............................................................................9
1.4 Voordelen van de hiërarchie in de mechanistische organisatie................................................9
1.5 Nadelen van mechanistische organisatie.................................................................................9
2. De organische organisatie...............................................................................................................9
2.1 de opkomst v/d contingentiegedachte...................................................................................10
2.1.1 enkele contingentie-onderzoekers.......................................................................................10
2.1.2 De organische organisatiekeuze samengevat......................................................................13
Mechanistische vs. organische organisatie..................................................................................13
2.1.3 de contingentiegedachte samengevat.................................................................................13
2.1.4 de sterke punten v/d contingentiegedachte........................................................................14
2.1.5 de zwakke punten v/d contingentiegedachte......................................................................14
2.2 Organische organisatiestructuren winnen aan belang...........................................................14
3. Andere structuren........................................................................................................................15
3.1 Eenvoudige structuur..............................................................................................................15
3.1.1 Sterktes en zwaktes van eenvoudige structuur....................................................................15
3.2 Mechanistische (of machine) organisatie: organogram (F-grouping).....................................15
3.2.1 Sterktes en zwaktes van mechanistische organisaties.........................................................16
3.3 Divisiestructuur.......................................................................................................................16
3.3.1 Organogram: algemeen......................................................................................................16
3.3.2 Organogram: P-grouping (= product grouping)...................................................................17
3.3.3 Organogram: M-grouping (= market grouping)..................................................................17
3.3.4 Organogram: G-grouping....................................................................................................17
3.3.5 Sterktes en zwaktes van diversiestructuur...........................................................................17
1
, 3.4 Organische organisatie...........................................................................................................18
3.4.1 Projectstructuur...................................................................................................................18
3.4.1.1 Voor- en nadelen projectstructuur....................................................................................18
3.4.2 Matrixstructuur...................................................................................................................19
3.4.2.1 voor- en nadelen matrixstructuur.....................................................................................19
3.5 professionele bureaucratie.....................................................................................................19
3.5.1 sterktes en zwaktes van professionele organisaties............................................................19
3.6 Organisatiestructuur: overzicht..............................................................................................20
Thema 2: Integratie..............................................................................................................................20
1. Het concept integratie..................................................................................................................20
2. Toenemende nood aan integratie................................................................................................21
3. Samenhang integratiemechanismen en structuur........................................................................21
3.1 de theorie van Henry Mintzberg (1979)..................................................................................21
3.2 manieren om integratie te verbeteren....................................................................................22
3.3 samengevat............................................................................................................................23
Thema 3: controle................................................................................................................................23
1. Terminologie.................................................................................................................................23
1.1 Controle..................................................................................................................................23
1.2 Macht.....................................................................................................................................23
2. Grondleggers van twee verschillen de visies................................................................................24
2.1 visie 1: controle via toezicht en onzekerheid – Jeremy Bentham als inspiratie (1748-1832)...24
2.2 visie 2: controle via vertrouwen en participatie – Mary Parker Follett als grondlegger (1868-
1933)............................................................................................................................................24
3. Controlestrategieën......................................................................................................................25
3.1 Gedragscontrole.....................................................................................................................25
3.2 Output controle......................................................................................................................25
3.3 Culturele controle...................................................................................................................26
4. Controlestrategieën en centralisatie............................................................................................27
5. Contingentiefactoren die de controlestrategie bepalen...............................................................27
Thema 4: motivatie...............................................................................................................................27
1. Wat is motivatie?..........................................................................................................................27
2. Motivatie in historisch perspectief...............................................................................................28
3. Hoe werknemers motiveren?.......................................................................................................28
3.1 Sanctioneren of belonen?.......................................................................................................28
3.2 Wat motiveert werknemers?..................................................................................................29
3.3 Niet iedereen wil hetzelfde!....................................................................................................30
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, 3.4 Verschillende motivatoren, ander effect.................................................................................30
3.5 De rol van rechtvaardigheid...................................................................................................32
3.6 De rol van verwachtingen.......................................................................................................33
3.7 kernpunten samengevat.........................................................................................................33
Thema 5: leren......................................................................................................................................33
1. Belang van organisatieleren..........................................................................................................33
1.1 voor organisaties....................................................................................................................33
1.2 maatschappelijke meerwaarde..............................................................................................34
2. Wat is organisatieleren?...............................................................................................................34
2.1 Exploitatie...............................................................................................................................34
2.2 Exploratie...............................................................................................................................34
2.3 belang van exploitatie en exploratie.......................................................................................35
3. Drie niveaus van organisatieleren.................................................................................................35
3.1 Single-loop leren of recreatief leren........................................................................................35
3.2 Double-loop leren of veranderingsleren.................................................................................35
3.3 deutero-leren of triple-loop leren...........................................................................................36
4. Hoe en wanneer zal organisatieleren plaatsvinden?....................................................................36
4.1 van individueel leren naar organisatieleren............................................................................36
4.2 kennisuitwisseling& kenniscreatie..........................................................................................36
4.3 Van kennisuitwisseling- en creatie tot organisatieverandering – SECI-model........................37
4.4 voorwaarden voor leren.........................................................................................................37
Thema 6: nieuwe netwerkvormen.......................................................................................................38
1. Outsourcing..................................................................................................................................38
1.1 Outsourcing vs. offshoring......................................................................................................39
1.2 Vormen van outsourcing........................................................................................................39
1.3 drijfveren voor uitbesteding...................................................................................................39
1.4 Risico’s bij outsourcing...........................................................................................................39
1.5 Projectles................................................................................................................................39
2. Virtueel organiseren.....................................................................................................................42
2.1 Type 1: interorganisationele virtuele organisatie...................................................................42
2.2 Type 2: interne of intra-organisationele virtuele organisatie.................................................42
2.3 verwachte voordelen..............................................................................................................43
2.4 potentiële nadelen..................................................................................................................43
2.5 projectles................................................................................................................................43
3. strategische allianties...................................................................................................................47
3.1 Verschillende vormen.............................................................................................................48
3
, 3.2 Drijfveren................................................................................................................................48
3.3 Risico’s....................................................................................................................................48
3.4 Projectles................................................................................................................................48
4. Internationaal organiseren...........................................................................................................52
4.1 globalisering...........................................................................................................................52
4.2 globale expansiestrategieën...................................................................................................52
4.3 factoren..................................................................................................................................53
4.4 Projectles................................................................................................................................54
5. Coöperatief organiseren...............................................................................................................57
5.1 drijfveren................................................................................................................................57
5.2 soorten coöperatieve organisatie...............................................................................................58
5.3 Nadelen..................................................................................................................................58
5.4 Projectles................................................................................................................................58
Inleiding: introductie tot organiseren
1. Terminologie
Leercyclus van Kolb: je moet een aantal fasen doorlopen om iets te leren
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