Exam (elaborations)
BIO 1610 SLCC Final Questions and Answers
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Exam of 16 pages for the course SLCC at SLCC (BIO 1610 SLCC Final)
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BIO 1610 SLCC FinalWhat makes something "living"? - answer-gas exchange
-movement
-interacts w environment
-can reproduce
-can adapt/grow/evolve
5 Themes in Book - answer-organization
-information
-matter energy
-evolution
Taxonomy - answerthe naming and classification of organisms
Species - answer type of organism
Morphological Species Concept - answer external form
Biological Species Concept - answerorganisms will interbreed and produce normal,
fertile offspring that can survive
Systematics - answersubfield in biology; study of evolutionary relationships
Metabolism - answeroverall set of chemical reactions (or energy conversions) that take
place in a cell or organism
Linnaeus - answerperson who created Binomial System
How to determine an organisms name? - answerunderlined or italicized Genus, species
Hypothesis - answeris tested; can accept or reject
Theory - answeridea that is broadly explanatory and studied many times over many
years
Atoms - answerbasic building block of matter
Elements - answercannot be broken down by chemical reactions
Bohr Model - answerinner, middle, and outer most shell diagram
,Protons - answer(+), in nucleus, 1 AMU
Electrons - answer(-), in orbitals or shells, mass is negligible
Neutrons - answernon-charged, in nucleus, 1 AMU
Atomic Number - answernumber of protons in nucleus
Mass Number - answer# of protons PLUS # of neutrons
Isotopes - answerdifferent forms of an element that differ by the Mass Number
Ion - answera charged particle that forms when atom GAINS or LOSES an electron
Cation - answerPOSITIVELY charged ion
Anion - answerNEGATIVELY charged ion
Ionic Bond - answerwhen cations and anions attract each other
Ionic Compounds - answercompounds formed by IONIC BONDS; "salts"
Covalent Bond - answerSHARING of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms
Molecule - answertwo or more atoms held together by COVALENT BONDS
Single Covalent Bonds - answerONE pair of electrons are shared
Molecular Formula - answertells us the number of the element (H20, CH4, NH3)
Double Covalent Bond - answerTWO pairs of electrons are shared
Triple Covalent Bond - answerTHREE pairs of electrons are shared
Electronegativity - answerthe attraction of a particular atom for electrons of a
COVALENT bond (this differs for each element)
Non-Polar Covalent Bond - answerwhen electrons are shared EQUALLY and result in a
non-polar molecule (ex: hydrogen gas)
Polar Covalent Bond - answerwhen electrons are UNEQUALLY shared and result in a
polar molecule (ex: Ammonia)
Hydrogen Bond - answera weak bond that forms between OPPOSITELY charged
regions of POLAR molecules (only polar bonds can have these)
, Van der Waals Interactions - answerthese happen when atoms and molecules are very
close together (individually weak)
Chemical Reactions - answerthese are reversible; contain reactants and products
Cohesion - answerwhen hydrogen bonds hold together the substance (ex: surface
tension)
Adhesion - answerclinging of one substance to another due to hydrogen bonding (ex:
capillary action)
Acids - answera solute that INCREASES the hydrogen concentration when dissolved in
water (has pH level 1-6)
Bases - answera solute that DECREASES the hydrogen concentration when dissolved
in water (has pH level 8-14)
Mole - answer6.02x10E23; equivalent to the atomic number in grams
Carbohydrates - answersugars & polymers of sugars, source of energy or structural
molecules
Hydroxyl Group (-OH) - answername: alcohol
example: ethanol
Carboxyl Group (-COOH) - answername: carboxylic acid or organic acid
example: acetic acid
Carbonyl Group (>C=O) - answername: Ketone or Aldehyde
example: acetone and propanal
Amino Group (-NH2) - answername: amine
example: Glycine
(basic groups, amino acids)
Sulfhydryl Group (-SH) - answername: Thiol
example: cysteine
(disulfide linkages)
Phosphate Group (-OPO32-) - answername: organic phosphate
example: glycerol phosphate
Methyl Group (-CH3) - answername: methylated compound
example: 5-Methylcytosine
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